Late Quaternary climate history of the Horton Plains, central Sri Lanka

Premathilake, Rathnasiri; Risberg, Jan

doi:10.1016/s0277-3791(03)00128-8

Cited by 60 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The end of the LGM was marked by renewed expansion of montane rainforest, driven by the reestablishment of the Southwestern Monsoon. Millennial-scale vegetation change in the Holocene is also thought to reflect monsoonal variations (Premathilake & Risberg, 2003). This evidence from Sri Lanka's terrestrial record is in broad agreement with the pattern of Late Quaternary precipitation change inferred from offshore sediment proxies on the Indian continental shelf (Gupta, Anderson, & Overpeck, 2003).…”

Section: Modern Humans In Late Pleistocene-early Holocene Sri Lanka: supporting

confidence: 75%

“…This archaeological record, together with Sri Lanka's position halfway on the inferred southern route of anatomically modern human dispersal ( Figure 1a) and paleobotanical evidence for severe Late Quaternary environmental change (Premathilake & Risberg, 2003), locate the island's prehistory at the very center of current debates on Late Pleistocene human evolution, dispersal, and cultural change. For most of the Late Pleistocene, and as recently as ca.…”

Section: Modern Humans In Late Pleistocene-early Holocene Sri Lanka: mentioning

confidence: 75%

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Rockshelter sedimentation in a dynamic tropical landscape: Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene archaeological deposits in Kitulgala Beli‐lena, southwestern Sri Lanka

et al. 2009

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Kitulgala Beli-lena, a rockshelter in gneiss in humid tropical southwestern Sri Lanka, was inhabited by Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene (Ͼ31,000-7880 B.P.) hunter-gatherers who made geometric microliths and exploited rainforest resources. Micromorphological analysis of a ca. 3-m-thick succession of diamictic loams, clays, and breccia with cultural content suggests that relative contribution of episodic colluviation and roof fall, water seepage through joints and diverse human activity varied through time. Facies changes across the profile reflect monsoon weakening ca. 20,000-16,000 cal B.P. and abrupt intensification ca. 15,700 cal B.P., on the wane of the global Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Post-depositional modification included clay, sesquioxide, and minor phosphate translocation; termite and other arthropod bioturbation; and clast weathering on the rockshelter floor. Human input (tools and tool-making refuse, reworked charcoal and associated combustion by-products) is markedly higher in sediments younger than ca. 15,700 cal B.P., suggesting intensification of site use immediately after the LGM.

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Section: Modern Humans In Late Pleistocene-early Holocene Sri Lanka: supporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Modern Humans In Late Pleistocene-early Holocene Sri Lanka: mentioning

confidence: 75%

Rockshelter sedimentation in a dynamic tropical landscape: Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene archaeological deposits in Kitulgala Beli‐lena, southwestern Sri Lanka

et al. 2009

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“…In the IOM subregion, records from Sri Lanka (#48, Premathilake & Risberg 2003;Premathilake 2006), Yemen (#56, Shakun et al 2007), and northern India (#74, Fujii & Sakai 2002;Hayashi et al 2009;#73, Kotlia et al 2010) indicate mainly dry climatic conditions until between c. 19 and c. 20 ka BP and a shift to wetter conditions thereafter (Fig. 6).…”

Section: Comparison Between Ccsm3 Output Data and Margo09 Sst Reconstmentioning

confidence: 97%

Asian monsoon climate during the Last Glacial Maximum: palaeo‐data–model comparisons

Chabangborn

Brandefelt

Wohlfarth

2013

Boreas

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The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) (23-19 ka BP) in the Asian monsoon region is generally described as cool and dry, due to a strong winter monsoon. More recently, however, palaeo-data and climate model simulations have argued for a more variable LGM Asian monsoon climate with distinct regional differences. We compiled, evaluated, and partly re-assessed proxy records for the Asian monsoon region in terms of wet/dry climatic conditions based on precipitation and effective moisture, and of sea surface temperatures. The comparison of the palaeo-data set to LGM simulations by the Climate Community System Model version 3 (CCSM3) shows fairly good agreement: a dry LGM climate in the western and northern part due to a strengthened winter monsoon and/or strengthened westerly winds and wetter conditions in equatorial areas, due to a stronger summer monsoon. Data-model discrepancies are seen in some areas and are ascribed to the fairly coarse resolution of CCSM3 and/or to uncertainties in the reconstructions. Differences are also observed between the reconstructed and simulated northern boundaries of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The reconstructions estimate a more southern position over southern India and the Bay of Bengal, whereas CCSM3 simulates a more northern position. In Indochina, the opposite is the case. The palaeo-data indicate that climatic conditions changed around 20-19 ka BP, with some regions receiving higher precipitation and some experiencing drier conditions, which would imply a distinct shift in summer monsoon intensity. This shift was probably triggered by the late LGM sea-level rise, which led to changes in atmosphere-ocean interactions in the Indian Ocean. The overall good correspondence between reconstructions and CCSM3 suggests that CCSM3 simulates LGM climate conditions over subtropical and tropical areas fairly well. The few high-resolution qualitative and quantitative palaeo-records available for the large Asian monsoon region make reconstructions however still uncertain. Global ice volumes had obtained their maximum, global sea level was at ∼130 m below present (Clark et al. 2009), and forested areas had become reduced bs_bs_banner

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“…Thus the varied physical geography of Sri Lanka would have allowed biotic shifts in distribution along altitudinal gradients to accommodate past climate change such as occurred in the Quaternary (Deraniyagala, 1992;Premathilake and Risberg, 2003). This partitioning of local faunas and isolation into small populations through altitudinal distribution changes in the Quaternary is analogous to the southern refugia in Europe that have been considered to be both reservoirs of diversity and to provide a mode of speciation (Hewitt, 2000).…”

Section: Species Level Endemism In Sri Lankan Snailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sri Lankan snail diversity: faunal origins and future prospects

Naggs¹,

Raheem²

2005

Rec West Aust Mus Sup

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-Sri Lankan snails have a complex history that might be linked to events ranging from Mesozoic plate tectonics and climate change on a global scale to more recent regional climate change and human impact. The fauna could include ancient groups that may have been present in Pangaea, diversified in Gondwana and survived in Deccan Plate refugia at the KIT boundary and Pangaean taxa that arrived via Eurasia.

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Late Quaternary climate history of the Horton Plains, central Sri Lanka

Cited by 60 publications

References 40 publications

Rockshelter sedimentation in a dynamic tropical landscape: Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene archaeological deposits in Kitulgala Beli‐lena, southwestern Sri Lanka

Rockshelter sedimentation in a dynamic tropical landscape: Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene archaeological deposits in Kitulgala Beli‐lena, southwestern Sri Lanka

Asian monsoon climate during the Last Glacial Maximum: palaeo‐data–model comparisons

Sri Lankan snail diversity: faunal origins and future prospects

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