“…Early occupation periods of the caves are interpreted as brief, temporary visits during fall and spring for upland seed collecting (Kennedy 2018). Caves 2 and 5 were the most prolific for the Paisley period occupation (15,700–12,800 years ago), including cordage, bone tools, botanical remains, obsidian and chert flakes, Pleistocene animal bone, and stemmed points (Beck and Jones 2010; Jenkins et al 2012; Wriston and Smith 2017). The Paisley period is therefore defined as 15,700 to 12,800 years ago, the Connley period as 12,800–11,500 years ago, and the Fort Rock period as 11,500–9000 years ago, based on dates acquired from Paisley, Connley, and Fort Rock sites (Aikens et al 2011; Jenkins et al 2004).…”