Late-Paleozoic emplacement and Meso-Cenozoic reactivation of the southern Kazakhstan granitoid basement

Pelsmaeker, Elien De; Glorie, Stijn; Buslov, M.M.; Жимулев, Ф.И.; Poujol, Marc; Korobkin, Valeriy; Vanhaecke, Frank; Ветров, Е.В.; Grave, Johan De

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2015.06.014

Cited by 54 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…These studies demonstrated that following the final closure of the Palaeo‐Asian (or Turkestan) Ocean and amalgamation of the terranes in the late Paleozoic, the Tian Shan experienced several major periods of cooling during the Mesozoic to Cenozoic. During the Mesozoic, distinct cooling events have been interpreted as related with exhumation in response to a number of Cimmerian collisions (e.g., the collisions of Qiangtang, Lhasa, and Karakorum with Eurasia; De Grave et al, ; Dumitru et al, ; De Pelsmaeker et al, ; Gillespie et al, ; Glorie & De Grave ; Jolivet et al, ; Käßner, Ratschbacher, Jonckheere, et al, ). The subsequent Cenozoic collision of India with Eurasia not only generated the Himalayas and the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau but is also thought to have driven uplift and deformation in the Asian continental interior, including the Tian Shan and other intracontinental mountain ranges (e.g., Bouilhol et al, ; Clift et al, ; Molnar & Tapponnier, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Temperature Thermochronology of the Chatkal‐Kurama Terrane (Uzbekistan‐Tajikistan): Insights Into the Meso‐Cenozoic Thermal History of the Western Tian Shan

et al. 2018

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The Chatkal-Kurama terrane represents a key region in understanding the tectonic evolution of the western Tian Shan. In this contribution, we present new thermochronological data (zircon [U-Th-Sm]/He, apatite fission track, and apatite [U-Th-Sm]/He) and the associated thermal history models for 30 igneous samples from the Chatkal-Kurama terrane within Uzbekistan and Tajikistan (west of the Talas-Fergana Fault) and integrate our data with published data from the central Tian Shan (east of the Talas-Fergana Fault). The Chatkal-Kurama terrane experienced a phase of rapid cooling during the Triassic-Jurassic at ca. 225-190 Ma, which we interpret as a far-field response to the closure of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean or the accretion of the Qiangtang terrane on to the Eurasian margin. In the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, the Chatkal-Kurama terrane experienced a period of tectonic stability and denudation, before transitioning into a period of marine incursions of the Paratethys Sea. In contrast, fast cooling is recorded for the Kyrgyz central Tian Shan to the east of the Talas-Fergana Fault. The differing thermal histories at either side of the Talas-Fergana Fault suggest that the fault induced a topographic divide during the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous, with high relief in the east (Kyrgyz Tian Shan) and low relief to the west (Uzbek-Tajik Tian Shan). Finally, the Chatkal-Kurama terrane experienced renewed tectonic activity since ca. 30 Ma, related with the distant India-Eurasia collision and Pamir indentation. The Cenozoic reactivation induced crustal tilting of the Chatkal-Kurama terrane, progressively exposing deeper rocks to the southwest. Plain Language SummaryThe Chatkal-Kurama terrane is the westernmost extent of the Tian Shan and one of the largest intracontinental mountain ranges in the world. The classical view of the plate tectonic paradigm implies that the majority of mountain building occurs at the margins of tectonic plates. Major ranges such as the Andes, the Himalaya, and the Rocky Mountains all form along the boundaries between major tectonic plates. However, the existence of major mountain ranges far from any modern plate boundary, such as the Tian Shan in Central Asia, forces us to consider how these intracontinental systems fit within the Earth system. These areas represent a unique challenge due to the complex nature of the tectonics, featuring multiple phases of deformation in response to far-field stress propagated from the plate margins into the continental interior. By using thermochronology in an intracontinental setting, such as the Chatkal-Kurama terrane, we aim to explore this complicated cooling history of the mountain ranges in this area and how that relates to the mountain growth in an intracontinental setting.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Temperature Thermochronology of the Chatkal‐Kurama Terrane (Uzbekistan‐Tajikistan): Insights Into the Meso‐Cenozoic Thermal History of the Western Tian Shan

et al. 2018

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“…A Late Carboniferous unconformity is also archived in the North Balkhash (Chen, Seitmuratova, et al, ). Furthermore, the regional extension in a post‐orogenic regime was thought to give rise to the Late Carboniferous sinistral strike‐slip of the Darbut Fault (De Pelsmaeker et al, ; Lin, Sun, Xue, & Zhang, ) and coeval and subsequent post‐collisional plutons (e.g., Biske, ; Chen, Seitmuratova, et al, ; Gao et al, ; Han et al, ; Liu, Han, Chen, et al, ; this study) and continental volcanic rocks (Biske, ; Tan, Zhou, Yuan, Fan, & Yue, ; Zong et al, ) in both the North Balkhash and West Junggar areas. More importantly, a total of 232 detrital zircon U–Pb ages from modern river sands in the central WJT contain no record of Mesozoic and Cenozoic magmatic events (Liu et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The West Junggar terrane (WJT), located between the Irtysh–Zaysan suture zone and the North Tianshan suture zone (Figure b), is the most prominent and extensively studied segments of the CBJ arc–accretionary system (Xiao et al, ). It is now well understood that the WJT consists largely of Palaeozoic arcs and accretionary complexes, and mainly formed in response to the subduction of the Junggar – Balkhash oceanic crust (De Pelsmaeker et al, ; Han, Ji, Song, Chen, & Zhang, ; Liu et al, ; Liu, Han, Chen, et al, ; Liu, Han, Ren, et al, ). The subduction of the Junggar – Balkhash Ocean has been recently proposed to initiate in an intra‐oceanic setting by at least the Early Cambrian (Liu et al, ; Ren et al, ), whereas the following subduction and accretion processes and closure of this ocean remain debated, due to the complicated tectonic phases and latest Palaeozoic to Mesozoic reactivation of strike‐slip faults (Chen et al, ; Choulet et al, ; De Pelsmaeker et al, ).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b) Geologic map of the Alashankou area in the southern WJT with the sample locations and dating results [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] 2017; . The subduction of the Junggar-Balkhash Ocean has been recently proposed to initiate in an intra-oceanic setting by at least the Early Cambrian Ren et al, 2014), whereas the following subduction and accretion processes and closure of this ocean remain debated, due to the complicated tectonic phases and latest Palaeozoic to Mesozoic reactivation of strike-slip faults Choulet et al, 2016;De Pelsmaeker et al, 2015).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Late Carboniferous unconformity is also archived in the North Balkhash (Chen, Seitmuratova, et al, 2014). Furthermore, the regional extension in a post-orogenic regime was thought to give rise to the Late Carboniferous sinistral strike-slip of the Darbut Fault (De Pelsmaeker et al, 2015;Lin, Sun, Xue, & Zhang, 2017) and coeval and subsequent postcollisional plutons (e.g., Biske, 2015;Chen, Seitmuratova, et al, 2014;Gao et al, 2013;Han et al, 2006;this study) and continental volcanic rocks (Biske, 2015;Tan, Zhou, Yuan, Fan, & Yue, 2006;Zong et al, 2014)…”

Section: Tectonic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Carboniferous to Early Permian adakitic rocks and fractionated I‐type granites in the southern West Junggar terrane, NW China: Implications for the final closure of the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean

et al. 2019

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The final closure of the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean resulted in the amalgamation of the circum‐Balkash–Junggar segments of the south‐western Central Asian Orogenic Belt, but the exact timing of its closure remains uncertain. Here, we use zircon U–Pb and whole‐rock chemical data for the adakitic rocks and fractionated I‐type granitoids in the Alashankou area of the southern West Junggar terrane (WJT) to investigate their petrogenesis and tectonic implications for the closure of the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean. The adakitic rocks were emplaced at 313–295 Ma and exhibit high Sr/Y ratios of 121–229. Their low MgO contents (0.91–2.09 wt%), Co, Cr, and Ni concentrations, initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios, and high εNd(t) values, indicate an origin from partial melting of juvenile lower crust under garnet‐amphibolite‐facies conditions triggered by basaltic underplating. By comparison, the fractionated I‐type granitic plutons (283–273 Ma) are weakly peraluminous and distinctive in terms of their low MgO contents (0.31–0.39 wt%) and strongly negative Nb, Ta, P, Eu, and Ti anomalies. These features, along with their higher initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios and lower εNd(t) values, suggest derivation by partial melting of a depleted mantle source and/or of newly underplated lower crust with crustal contamination. Given the Late Carboniferous depositional hiatus and post‐orogenic strike‐slip faulting and absence of post‐Devonian ophiolites and post‐Palaeozoic magmatic events in the WJT, the widespread occurrence of Late Carboniferous to Permian compositionally diverse granitoids (including the adakitic rocks, high‐Mg dioritic rocks, and I‐ and A‐type granitoids) and coeval mafic dykes can be best explained by a post‐collisional slab breakoff model. Together with other lines of geological evidence in the circum‐Balkash–Junggar area, we propose that the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean should have been closed at the beginning of the Late Carboniferous (~320 Ma), consistent with the closure time (~325–300 Ma) for regional major ocean basins.

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Closure Time of the Junggar‐Balkhash Ocean: Constraints From Late Paleozoic Volcano‐Sedimentary Sequences in the Barleik Mountains, West Junggar, NW China

et al. 2017

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The Junggar‐Balkhash Ocean was a major branch of the southern Paleo‐Asian Ocean. The timing of its closure is important for understanding the history of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. New sedimentological and geochronological data from the Late Paleozoic volcano‐sedimentary sequences in the Barleik Mountains of West Junggar, NW China, help to constrain the closure time of the Junggar‐Balkhash Ocean. Tielieketi Formation (Fm) is dominated by littoral sediments, but its upper glauconite‐bearing sandstone is interpreted to deposit rapidly in a shallow‐water shelf setting. By contrast, Heishantou Fm consists chiefly of volcanic rocks, conformably overlying or in fault contact with Tielieketi Fm. Molaoba Fm is composed of parallel‐stratified fine sandstone and sandy conglomerate with graded bedding, typical of nonmarine, fluvial deposition. This formation unconformably overlies the Tielieketi and Heishantou formations and is conformably covered by Kalagang Fm characterized by a continental bimodal volcanic association. The youngest U‐Pb ages of detrital zircons from sandstones and zircon U‐Pb ages from volcanic rocks suggest that the Tielieketi, Heishantou, Molaoba, and Kalagang formations were deposited during the Famennian‐Tournaisian, Tournaisian‐early Bashkirian, Gzhelian, and Asselian‐Sakmarian, respectively. The absence of upper Bashkirian to Kasimovian was likely caused by tectonic uplifting of the West Junggar terrane. This is compatible with the occurrence of coeval stitching plutons in the West Junggar and adjacent areas. The Junggar‐Balkhash Ocean should be finally closed before the Gzhelian, slightly later or concurrent with that of other ocean domains of the southern Paleo‐Asian Ocean.

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Late-Paleozoic emplacement and Meso-Cenozoic reactivation of the southern Kazakhstan granitoid basement

Cited by 54 publications

References 145 publications

Low‐Temperature Thermochronology of the Chatkal‐Kurama Terrane (Uzbekistan‐Tajikistan): Insights Into the Meso‐Cenozoic Thermal History of the Western Tian Shan

Low‐Temperature Thermochronology of the Chatkal‐Kurama Terrane (Uzbekistan‐Tajikistan): Insights Into the Meso‐Cenozoic Thermal History of the Western Tian Shan

Late Carboniferous to Early Permian adakitic rocks and fractionated I‐type granites in the southern West Junggar terrane, NW China: Implications for the final closure of the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean

Closure Time of the Junggar‐Balkhash Ocean: Constraints From Late Paleozoic Volcano‐Sedimentary Sequences in the Barleik Mountains, West Junggar, NW China

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