Late Paleozoic closure of the Ob-Zaisan Ocean along the Irtysh shear zone (NW China): Implications for arc amalgamation and oroclinal bending in the Central Asian orogenic belt

Li, Pengfei; Sun, Min; Rosenbaum, Gideon; Jourdan, Fred; Li, Sanzhong; Cai, Keda

doi:10.1130/b31541.1

Cited by 100 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…Specifically, the Karakum–Tarim cratons moved across the South Tianshan Ocean and approached the southern limb of the Kazakhstan Orocline. The closure of the Ob‐Zaisan Ocean was constrained to have occurred in the late Carboniferous, probably at ~320 Ma (Kuibida et al, ; Li et al, , ), leading to the docking of the northern limb of the Kazakhstan Orocline to southern Siberia. The closure of the Uralian Ocean was also thought to have occurred at ~320 Ma, leading to the collision of the exterior of the Kazakhstan Orocline with Baltica (Loury et al, ; Puchkov, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Final Assembly of the Southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt as Constrained by the Evolution of the South Tianshan Orogen: Links With Gondwana and Pangea

et al. 2018

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The South Tianshan Orogen marks the final assembly of the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) and the Karakum–Tarim cratons. Here we present an integrated mineralogical, geochemical, and geochronological study of the Wuwamen ophiolitic mélange in the South Tianshan to better understand the tectonic evolution of the western CAOB and its links to Gondwana and Pangea. Mantle peridotites with mineral compositions similar to those of abyssal peridotites and basalts with N‐MORB geochemical affinities suggest that the Wuwamen ophiolite was formed in a mid‐ocean ridge setting. Arc‐related gabbro and plagiogranite stocks intruding the mantle peridotites yielded zircon U–Pb ages of 441.1 ± 4.2 and 442.8 ± 2.4 Ma, indicating that the Wuwamen ophiolite got emplaced prior to ~440 Ma. Sericite‐quartz schist from the ophiolitic mélange matrix with abundant 481–319 Ma detrital zircon grains is crosscut by a two‐mica granite dike with a zircon U–Pb age of 321.3 ± 1.7 Ma, thereby constraining the formation of the Wuwamen ophiolitic mélange at ~320 Ma. In conjunction with published data, we propose that the South Tianshan Ocean opened in the late Neoproterozoic and promoted the subsequent separation of microcontinents in the western CAOB from the northeast Gondwana margin during Gondwana assembly. Furthermore, the closure of the South Tianshan Ocean led to the final assembly of the southwestern CAOB and the Karakum–Tarim cratons and their incorporation into Pangea at ~320 Ma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Final Assembly of the Southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt as Constrained by the Evolution of the South Tianshan Orogen: Links With Gondwana and Pangea

et al. 2018

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“…East Junggar is bounded by the Kalamaili suture to the south and separated from the Chinese Altai Block to the north by the Erqis (or Irtysh) suture ( Fig. 1, Sun et al, 2009;Long et al, 2012;Li et al, 2015Li et al, , 2017. Tectonically, East Junggar has commonly been regarded as Paleozoic island arc in origin for its ubiquitous Paleozoic rock assemblages (e.g., Xiao et al, 2004;Long et al, 2012;Han et al, 2018).…”

Section: East Junggarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carboniferous Highly Fractionated I‐type Granites from the Kalamaili Fault Zone, Eastern Xinjiang, NW China: Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications

Song

Wang

Tong

et al. 2019

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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Carboniferous magmatism is one of the most important tectonothermal events in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). However, the final closure time of the Kalamaili Ocean between East Junggar and Harlik Mountain is still debated. Early Carboniferous (332 Ma) and late Carboniferous (307-298 Ma) granitic magmatism from Kalamaili fault zone have been recognized by LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating. They are both metaluminous highly fractionated I-type and belong to the high-K calc-alkaline. The granitoids for early Carboniferous have zircon ε Hf (t) values of −5.1 to +8.5 with Hf model ages (T DM2 ) of 1.78-0.83Ga, suggesting a mixed magma source of juvenile material with old continental crust. Furthermore, those for late Carboniferous have much younger heterogeneous zircon ε Hf (t) values (+5.1 to +13.6) with Hf model ages (T DM2 =1.03-0.45 Ga) that are also indicative of juvenile components with a small involvement of old continental crust. Based on whole-rock geochemical and zircon isotopic features, these high-K granitoids were derived from melting of heterogeneous crustal sources or through mixing of old continental crust with juvenile components and minor AFC (assimilation and fractional crystallization). The juvenile components probably originated from underplated basaltic magmas in response to asthenospheric upwelling. These Carboniferous highly fractionated granites in the Kalamaili fault zone were probably emplaced in a post-collisional extensional setting and suggested vertical continental crustal growth in the southern CAOB, which is the same or like most granitoids in CAOB. This study provides new evidence for determining the post-accretionary evolution of the southern CAOB. In combination with data from other granitoids in these two terranes, the Early Carboniferous Heiguniangshan pluton represents the initial record of post-collisional environment, suggesting that the final collision between the East Junggar and Harlik Mountain might have occurred before 332 Ma.

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“…Nevertheless, the ophiolites in the CAOB are actually dispersed and usually found as ophiolitic mélanges that typically contain blocks or slices derived from oceanic crust/lithosphere and fragments of seamounts or oceanic plateaus (e.g., Wang et al, ; Xiao et al, ; Xiao et al, ; Yang, Li, Xiao, & Tong, ). Some of the ophiolitic fragments were finally incorporated into accretionary complexes during the consumption of the PAO, representing a real suture zone, such as the Char suture zone in NE Kazakhstan (Li et al, ) and the North Tianshan (Han, Guo, & He, ; Han, Guo, Zhang, et al, ) and South Tianshan (Han, He, Wang, & Guo, ) suture zones in NW China. Others, however, could reflect merely regional convergent events that predate the eventual accretion/collision events and may not have formed so‐called sutures (Chen, Pe‐Piper, Piper, & Guo, ; Xiao et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ediacaran to Early Palaeozoic evolution of the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean: A synthesis of the ophiolitic mélanges in the southern West Junggar terrane, NW China

et al. 2019

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The southern West Junggar terrane in the south‐western Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is mainly composed of accretionary complexes and characterized by widespread outcrops of ophiolitic mélanges in the Barleik, Mayile, and Tangbale (BMT) areas, representing the site of consumption of the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean. However, due to a lack of comprehensive synthesis of the ophiolitic mélanges, the early evolution of the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean remains poorly understood. This paper first focuses on the little‐known Barleik ophiolitic blocks and associated pillow basalts and then integrates the Barleik, Mayile, and Tangbale ophiolitic mélanges into one model. Mineral and whole‐rock chemistry suggests that the Barleik ophiolitic blocks, including serpentinized dunite, clinopyroxenite, and gabbro, show supra‐subduction zone (SSZ) affinities, as indicated by high Cr# values (76–78) in spinels and strong depletion in Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf, whereas the Barleik pillow basalts are alkaline and have high TiO2 contents (2.82–3.42 wt.%) and Nb–Ta enrichment, similar to ocean‐island basalt (OIB) lavas. Combined with published chronological and chemical data from ophiolites, metamorphic rocks, and arc plutons, we propose that the BMT Ediacaran to middle Cambrian ophiolitic gabbros were formed in a SSZ environment, implying a single Mariana‐type arc system within the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean, which was coeval with an Andean‐type arc system in the Kyrgyz North Tianshan, supporting an archipelagic model for the south‐western CAOB. By contrast, the BMT OIB‐type basalts are early Silurian in age, much younger than the SSZ‐type ophiolites, and can be interpreted as relicts of seamounts. Thus, a model involving the Ediacaran to Ordovician intra‐oceanic subduction and late Silurian to Early Devonian seamount accretion is helpful for clarifying the different components of the accretionary complexes in the southern West Junggar terrane.

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Late Paleozoic closure of the Ob-Zaisan Ocean along the Irtysh shear zone (NW China): Implications for arc amalgamation and oroclinal bending in the Central Asian orogenic belt

Cited by 100 publications

References 139 publications

Final Assembly of the Southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt as Constrained by the Evolution of the South Tianshan Orogen: Links With Gondwana and Pangea

Final Assembly of the Southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt as Constrained by the Evolution of the South Tianshan Orogen: Links With Gondwana and Pangea

Carboniferous Highly Fractionated I‐type Granites from the Kalamaili Fault Zone, Eastern Xinjiang, NW China: Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications

The Ediacaran to Early Palaeozoic evolution of the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean: A synthesis of the ophiolitic mélanges in the southern West Junggar terrane, NW China

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