Late Mesozoic–Cenozoic intraplate magmatism in Central Asia and its relation with mantle diapirism: Evidence from the South Khangai volcanic region, Mongolia

Major, trace element, and SrNd isotopic geochemistry of Cenozoic basalts in Central‐North and East Mongolia: Petrogenesis and tectonic implication

“…Previously published Sr  Nd isotopic data (cross) for the basalts in southern Baikal, central Mongolia, and NE China are also plotted for comparison. Data sources are from Basu et al (), Zhang, Suddaby, Thompson, Thirlwall, and Menzies (), Rasskazov et al (), Barry et al (), Yarmolyuk et al (), Zou et al (), Tang et al (), Ho, Liu, Chen, and Yang (); Ho, Liu, Chen, You, and Yang (), Chen, Zhang, Graham, Su, and Deng (), Kuritani et al (), Xu et al (), Zhang, Zhang, Fan, Han, and Zhou (), Tsypukova et al (), Zhang et al (), Yarmolyuk et al (), Chen, Fan, Zou, Zhao, and Shi (), Qian, Ren, Zhang, Hong, and Liu (), Guo et al (), and Zhang and Guo (). Reference fields for DM (depleted mantle), EM1 and EM2 (enriched mantle), MORB (mid‐ocean range basalt) and OIB (oceanic island basalt) are from Stracke, Bizimis, and Salters () and Stracke, Hofmann, and Hart () [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

“…Diagrams of Nb/U versus Ce/Pb (a), La/Nb versus Ba/Nb (b), 87 Sr/ 86 Sr versus SiO 2 (c), and εNd(t) versus SiO 2 (d) for all analysed basaltic samples from Hovsgol, Taatsin Gol, and Dariganga‐Abaga. Previously published Sr  Nd isotopic data (cross) taken from Barry et al (), Ho et al (), Tsypukova et al (), Yarmolyuk et al (), Guo et al (), and Zhang and Guo () [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

“…Numerous studies have documented that the Cenozoic basalts in NE Asian, including those of Mongolia, were generated by partial melting of mantle sources isotopically characterized by mixing of a depleted mantle (DM) and an enriched mantle (EM1), resembling OIBs (e.g., Barry et al, ; Barry & Kent, ; Hunt et al, ; Tsypukova et al, ; Xu et al, ; Xu & Zheng, ; Yarmolyuk et al, ). The DM component is commonly ascribed to the asthenosphere, but the origin of the EMI component, however, remains an issue of hot debate, with suggested origins including subducted oceanic crust (SOC; e.g., Xu et al, ; Sakuyama et al, ; Guo et al, ), lower continental crust (LCC; Liu, Gao, Kelemen, & Xu, ), and subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM; Xu et al, ; Tang, Zhang, & Ying, ).…”

“…Cenozoic volcanism in Mongolia can be generally classified into two broad belts (Barry et al, ; Yarmolyuk et al, ): the Central Mongolia belt and the East Mongolia one. The Central Mongolia belt, which is composed of the Hovsgol, Hangai, and Taatsiin Gol, fields, extends nearly in a N–S direction from central Mongolia to southwest of Baikal in Russia.…”

“…Cenozoic intraplate basaltic volcanism is widespread in East Asia and is diffusively distributed over a vast region along the whole East Asia continental margin from north to south, from the Sea of Japan in the east to the Baikal and Central Mongolia in the west (Figure ). Numerous studies have been carried out for these Cenozoic volcanic rocks, specifically in eastern China, Korea, and Japan, and demonstrate that these rocks are geochemically similar to plume‐generated ocean island basalts (OIBs) and that their generation is dominated by mixing of an isotopically depleted mantle (DM) end‐member and an enriched mantle component (EMI or EMII; Barry et al, ; Basu, Wang, Huang, Xie, & Tatsumoto, ; Choi, Mukasa, Kwon, & Andronikov, ; McKenzie, ; Song, Frey, & Zhi, ; Xu, Ma, Frey, Feigenson, & Liu, ; Yarmolyuk, Kudryashova, Kozlovsky, & Savatenkov, ; Yarmolyuk, Kudryashova, Kozlovsky, Lebedev, & Savatenkov, ; Zeng, Chen, Hofmann, & Xu, ; Zou, Zindler, Xu, & Qi, ).…”