Late Isolated Brain Metastasis Following Enucleation for Choroidal Melanoma

Achtaropoulos, Athanassios K; Mitsos, Aristotelis P.; Detorakis, Εfstathios T.; Georgakoulias, Nikolaos; Drakonaki, Eleni E.; Kozobolis, Vassilios

doi:10.3928/1542-8877-20050301-13

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…[13] The patient had a good outcome (survival of 2 years) with resection, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. This case report along with the only two other similar articles found in the literature[116] show the importance of close, lifelong follow-up for all patients treated for CM.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Ocular melanoma: Keep your eyes open for late brain metastases

Silva

Matis²,

Costa³

et al. 2011

Surg Neurol Int

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Background:The most frequent intraocular malignant tumor is choroidal melanoma (CM). Although brain metastasis is a common feature of other types of cancers, metastasis of CM to the brain is a rare entity.Case Description:The authors report a case of a 28-year-old woman presenting with a single brain metastasis, 10 years after the treatment of a CM. She underwent a total en-bloc resection of the lesion, and the diagnosis was conﬁrmed histopathologically. The patient concomitantly received whole-brain irradiation therapy combined with chemotherapy, with a survival period of 24 months.Conclusion:The present case report draws attention to the necessity of a close and lifelong follow-up of patients treated for this malignancy. The international literature is also reviewed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Ocular melanoma: Keep your eyes open for late brain metastases

Silva

Matis²,

Costa³

et al. 2011

Surg Neurol Int

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“…[3] A predilection for infarcts in the posterior circulation as seen in our patient has been attributed to a poor autoregulatory mechanism in this vascular bed as compared to the anterior circulation. The side-effects of acute cannabis intoxication include: (1) psychiatric -behavioral abnormalities and increased risk of schizophrenia; [1] (2) cardiovascular -tachycardia, supine hypertension, postural hypotension, myocardial infarction, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and sudden death; [2] (3) cerebral -hemorrhagic and recurrent ischemic strokes.…”

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confidence: 49%

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of left vertebral artery and reduced caliber of both the posterior cerebral arteries [ Figure 2]. [3] A predilection for infarcts in the posterior circulation as seen in our patient has been attributed to a poor autoregulatory mechanism in this vascular bed as compared to the anterior circulation. 2D echo was normal.

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confidence: 53%

“…Melanin produces stable free radicals, causing paramagnetic effect that shortens T 1 and T 2 relaxation values on MRI. [3] As the 5-HT2A receptor has been implicated in the pathophysiology of TS, risperidone may be of theoretical benefit in TS, especially if the patient has OCD/OCS where 5-HT has been implicated. [5] Treatment of isolated brain metastasis from malignant melanoma includes total surgical excision of the lesion followed by postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy as in our case.…”

Section: Isolated Brain Metastasis From Malignant Melanoma Of Choroidmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolated brain metastasis from malignant melanoma of choroid seven years following enucleation

et al. 2009

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of left vertebral artery and reduced caliber of both the posterior cerebral arteries [ Figure 2]. Biochemistry was normal and procoagulant workup and also the workup for young stroke were negative. 2D echo was normal. Patient was put on antiplatelets and at three months follow-up his modified Rankin scale score was 2D echo.Cocaine, cannabis, amphetamines and marijuana are the common recreational drugs associated with ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. The side-effects of acute cannabis intoxication include: (1) psychiatric -behavioral abnormalities and increased risk of schizophrenia; [1] (2) cardiovascular -tachycardia, supine hypertension, postural hypotension, myocardial infarction, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and sudden death; [2] (3) cerebral -hemorrhagic and recurrent ischemic strokes. The mechanisms postulated in cannabis-related strokes are vasospasm, vasculopathy, postural hypotension with abnormal regulation of the cerebral blood flow and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. [3] A predilection for infarcts in the posterior circulation as seen in our patient has been attributed to a poor autoregulatory mechanism in this vascular bed as compared to the anterior circulation. [4] Toxicological screening for cannabinoid metabolites should be done in young patients with strokes with no apparent vascular risk factors or evidence of dissection. This holds good even in our country with increasing drug abuse among the youth. 3. Cooles P, Michaud R. Stroke after heavy cannabis smoking. Postgrad Med J 1987;63:511. 4. Mateo I, Pinedo A, Gomez-Beldarrain M, Basterretxea JM, Garcia-Monco JC. Recurrent stroke associated with cannabis use.

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“…The incidence of intraocular melanoma is less than 1 per 100000 [3]. Spread to the liver is the most frequent while metastases [4] to other sites (lung [5], heart [6,7], gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes [8], pancreas, skin, central nervous system [9], bones, spleen, adrenal [10], kidneys, ovaries [11], thyroid [12], contralateral choroids [13] breast [14]) generally occur in association with liver metastases [2]. Lymphatic spread has not been demonstrated, consistent with the absence of lymphatics in the choroid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%