Late glacial to post glacial sea levels in the Western Indian Ocean

Camoin, Gilbert; Montaggioni, Lucien F.; Braithwaite, C. J. R.

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2004.02.003

Cited by 258 publications

(260 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…they provide paleowater depth estimates based on their comparison with modern counterparts. Coral assemblages are dominated by Porites, Pocillopora, Acropora, and Montipora genera, which form distinctive assemblages that are indicative of a range of modern reef environments, from the upper to middle reef slope to deep reef slope (0-30 m deep; Sugihara et al, 2006), in agreement with earlier studies on Tahiti Camoin et al, 1999;Cabioch et al, 1999a) and other Indo-Pacific reef sites (Camoin et al, , 2004Cabioch et al, 1999b;Sagawa et al, 2001). …”

Section: Distribution Of the Last Deglacial Reef Sequencesupporting

confidence: 88%

IODP Expedition 310 Reconstructs Sea Level, Climatic and Environmental chagnes in the South Pacific during the Last Deglaciation

Camoin

Iryu

McInroy

2007

Scientific Drilling

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Section: Distribution Of the Last Deglacial Reef Sequencesupporting

confidence: 88%

IODP Expedition 310 Reconstructs Sea Level, Climatic and Environmental chagnes in the South Pacific during the Last Deglaciation

Camoin

Iryu

McInroy

2007

Scientific Drilling

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“…The philosophy of this could be argued extensively, but we must remember that Cousine is part of an archipelago. Only 17,000 years or so ago the inner grantic islands were connected as the sea level was more than 100 m lower than it is today (Camoin et al 2004;Johnson and Baarli 2005). Thus, any modern assessment of which species were there is very likely the outcome of ecological relaxation as the islands came into flooded isolation.…”

Section: The Third Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration of a tropical island: Cousine Island, Seychelles

Samways¹,

Hitchins²,

Bourquin³

et al. 2008

Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation

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Tropical island species and ecosystems are threatened worldwide as a result of increasing human pressure. Yet some of these islands also lend themselves to restoration, as they are physically defined units that can be given focused attention, as long as resources are available and clear conservation targets are set. Cousine Island, Seychelles, is a tropical island that has received such intensive restoration. From a highly degraded island in the 1960s, the island has now been restored to what is believed to be a semblance of the natural state. All alien vertebrates have been eradicated, as have 25 invasive alien plants. Cultivated plants are now confined to one small section of the island. Poaching of nesting marine turtles has been stopped, leading to an increase in turtle breeding numbers. The shearwater population has increased in size with poaching activities under control. The Sooty tern has also returned to the island to breed. The coastal plain has been restored with over 2,500 indigenous shrubs and trees, which have now grown into a forest carpet. There are strict quarantine procedures on the island, keeping it free of rats, mice, various alien invertebrates and potentially invasive alien plants. Three threatened Seychelles endemic land birds (Seychelles warbler, Seychelles magpie robin and Seychelles white-eye) have been introduced and are thriving, with these introductions contributing to both the magpie robin and the white-eye being downgraded from CR to EN (the warbler remains at VU). Ecotourism, and nature conservation for the local inhabitants, have been introduced in a way that does not reduce the improved compositional, structural and functional biodiversity of the island. The result of the restoration effort appears to be sustainable in the long term, although challenges still remain, especially with regards to adequate clean water and a non-polluting power supply on the island. Cousine is thus paving the way in the art and science of tropical island restoration as a legacy for future generations.

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“…Deglaciation started 7.5-10 ka, and ended ca. 2.5 ka when seas returned to currently observed levels and many pairs of islands were reisolated (9) (Fig. 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Dynamics of avian haemosporidian assemblages through millennial time scales inferred from insular biotas of the West Indies

Soares¹,

Latta²,

Ricklefs³

2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Although introduced hemosporidian (malaria) parasites (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida) have hastened the extinction of endemic bird species in the Hawaiian Islands and perhaps elsewhere, little is known about the temporal dynamics of endemic malaria parasite populations. Haemosporidian parasites do not leave informative fossils, and records of population change are lacking beyond a few decades. Here, we take advantage of the isolation of West Indian land-bridge islands by rising postglacial sea levels to estimate rates of change in hemosporidian parasite assemblages over a millennial time frame. Several pairs of West Indian islands have been connected and separated by falling and rising sea levels associated with the advance and retreat of Pleistocene continental glaciers. We use island isolation following postglacial sea-level rise, ca. 2.5 ka, to characterize long-term change in insular assemblages of hemosporidian parasites. We find that assemblages on formerly connected islands are as differentiated as assemblages on islands that have never been connected, and both are more differentiated than local assemblages sampled up to two decades apart. Differentiation of parasite assemblages between formerly connected islands reflects variation in the prevalence of shared hemosporidian lineages, whereas differentiation between islands isolated by millions of years reflects replacement of hemosporidian lineages infecting similar assemblages of avian host species.avian malaria | bananaquit | beta diversity | Plasmodium | Haemoproteus I nsular biotas provide natural laboratories for characterizing change in host-parasite relationships over time (1). Haemosporidian parasites (genera Plasmodium and Haemoproteus, among others) are dipteran vector-transmitted protozoans that reproduce clonally in cells of vertebrates and cause symptoms referred to as malaria (2). The few fossils of ancient hemosporidians (3) are insufficient to analyze retrospectively the dynamics of these hostparasite interactions. We have found that hemosporidian parasite assemblages of birds present remarkable geographic heterogeneity in the West Indies, even though common avian host species are widely distributed throughout the archipelago (4). Additionally, the frequencies of individual lineages in assemblages of avian hemosporidian parasites have been observed to vary over periods as short as one decade (5-7). Here, we take advantage of the geographic history of islands in the West Indies to characterize changes in avian hemosporidian parasite assemblages over millennial time scales.During the late Quaternary glaciations, which reached their maximum extent ca. 26 ka, an increase in continental ice volume caused the global sea level to drop by as much as 120 m, exposing land connections between islands lying on shallow banks (8). During periods of sea level lows, organisms could freely disperse between some pairs of present-day islands, tending to homogenize assemblages of birds and, presumably, their pathogens (8). Deglaciation started 7.5-10 ka, and ended...

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Late glacial to post glacial sea levels in the Western Indian Ocean

Cited by 258 publications

References 68 publications

IODP Expedition 310 Reconstructs Sea Level, Climatic and Environmental chagnes in the South Pacific during the Last Deglaciation

IODP Expedition 310 Reconstructs Sea Level, Climatic and Environmental chagnes in the South Pacific during the Last Deglaciation

Restoration of a tropical island: Cousine Island, Seychelles

Dynamics of avian haemosporidian assemblages through millennial time scales inferred from insular biotas of the West Indies

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