Late glacial-Holocene shelf evolution of the Sea of Marmara west of Istanbul

Karakilcik, Hatice; Ünlügenç, Ulvi Can; Okyar, Mahmut

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.06.003

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…During this transgression period, a number of marine terraces were developed along the northern shelf. Karakılçık et al (2014) indicate the existence of four submarine terraces on the seismic data lying at approximately −65, −87, −93, and −102 m water depths offshore Büyükçekmece. Eriş et al (2011) suggest that the terrace at −85 m water depth refers to a stable sea level period after Holocene sea connection was established.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Environmental conditions for sediment accumulation on the northern Marmara shelf have been investigated by several researchers in the last two decades using core data as well as seismic datasets with different resolution and distributions along the shelf Gökaşan et al 2005;Eriş et al 2007Eriş et al , 2011McHugh et al 2008;Ç agatay et al 2009;Karakılçık et al 2014;Tur et al 2015;Aksu et al 2016;Köprülü et al 2016). Although the naming of the units they discriminate from their seismic data is different for each study, they typically indicate three different units from seafloor to deeper sediments for Plio-Quaternary stratigraphy: A topmost sedimentary cover, basinwards prograding deltaic sediments and generally parallel to sub-parallel marine sediments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the seismic data used to define the recent sedimentation in the northern shelf (Gökaşan et al 2005;Eriş et al 2007;Karakılçık et al 2014;Tur et al 2015) are of relatively low resolution and their spatial distribution along the shelf is generally not suitable for a detailed mapping of the shallow stratigraphy of the shelf. In this regard, the shallow stratigraphy and recent sedimentation of the area can be more precisely defined by high-resolution seismic data covering the whole shelf area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stratigraphical and morphological aspects of the northern Marmara shelf based on seismic data

2019

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Recent sedimentation and Plio-Quaternary stratigraphy of northern Marmara shelf has been investigated by high-resolution seismic datasets. Seismic data indicate that a thin cover of Plio-Quaternary unit (termed Unit 1) overlies the Miocene/Oligocene age older sediments (termed Unit 2). The erosional surface between Unit 1 and Unit 2 is the regional unconformity for the shelf formed during the last sea level low stand. Unit 1 is subdivided into two sub-units as Unit 1a for Holocene deposits accumulated after the last glacial maximum (LGM) and Unit 1b for fluvial sediments deposited during the last low stand of the Marmara Sea. The thickness of the Holocene sediments is maximum at SW of Bosphorus outlet, in the Büyükçekmece Bay and along the coastal area between Silivri and Büyükçekmece reaching approximately 32 m. Mean sedimentation rate of the entire northern shelf is calculated as 0.4 m/1000 yr for the last 12,000 yr based on the Holocene sediment thickness. There are four depressions in the western part of the shelf, which correspond to palaeolakes during the LGM filled by Plio-Quaternary sediments. Transition from lacustrine to marine conditions in the palaeolakes occurred when the Marmara Sea level exceeded −62 m threshold depth during the sea level rise following the LGM at approximately 12,500-13,000 yr before present (BP).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stratigraphical and morphological aspects of the northern Marmara shelf based on seismic data

2019

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“…At the distal edge of each terrace, one observes inclined clinoforms (Çağatay et al 2009) indicative of subaqueous prodelta foresets that are truncated by an erosion surface (Vardar et al 2014). Where sampled, the youngest foresets of these clinoforms are of early MIS-2 age (Yaltirak et al 2002, Ergin et al 2007, Çağatay et al 2009, Karakilcik et al 2014, Vardar et al 2014. The mollusk assemblage, composed of exclusively freshwater species (i.e., Dreissena r.) in core MD04-2745 that sampled the entire succession of incline strata, indicates there was no observable entry of marine water during MIS 4, 3, and 2.…”

Section: Paleosalinity and Paleo-connectivity Of Marmara And Black Sementioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of marine entry into Marmara and Black Sea-lakes indicate low relative sea level during MIS 3 in the northeastern Mediterranean

Yanchilina

Grall

Ryan

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. The Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) is considered a period of persistent and rapid climate and sea level variabilities during which eustatic sea level is observed to have varied by tens of meters. Constraints on local sea level during this time are critical for further estimates of these variabilities. We here present constraints on relative sea level in the Marmara and Black Sea regions in the northeastern Mediterranean, inferred from reconstructions of the history of the connections and disconnections (partial or total) of these seas together with the global ocean. We use a set of independent data from seismic imaging and core-analyses to infer that the Marmara and Black Seas remained connected persistent freshwater lakes that outflowed to the global ocean during the majority of MIS 3. Marine water intrusion during the early MIS-3 stage may have occurred into the Marmara Sea-Lake but not the Black Sea-Lake. This suggests that the relative sea level was near the paleo-elevation of the Bosporus sill and possibly slightly above the Dardanelles paleo-elevation, ~80 mbsl. The Eustatic sea level may have been even lower, considering the isostatic effects of the Eurasian ice sheet would have locally uplifted the topography of the northeastern Mediterrranean.

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“…is an adaptation from a previously published seismic image (Karakilcik et al 2014). We add our interpretation of the seismic image, that of the distinction between those foresets belonging to the late Pleistocene and the Holocene (i.e., after marine connection with the Mediterranean Sea / external global ocean) and those to the MIS 2-4 periods (i.e., when the Black Sea-Lake and Marmara Sea-Lake were outflowing to the Mediterranean Sea / external global ocean).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementary material to "Lack of marine entry into Marmara and Black Sea-lakes indicate low relative sea level during MIS 3 in the northeastern Mediterranean"

Yanchilina¹,

Grall²,

Ryan³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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SM 2. Reflection profile across the outer shelf of the Marmara Sea seaward of the Prince Islands. This figure is composite from earlier work, combining a seismic image with that of the cores that sampled the foresets in its locality (Gökaşan et al. 2010). Marine isotope stage 1 to 13 are indicated with odd-numbered highstand deposits colored red and even-numbered lowstand deposits in blue. Sediments belonging to stages 1 through 5 have been sampled in cores projected upon the seismic profile. MIS 2-3-4 is documented to be lacustrine (Gökaşan et al. 2010). Here, one additionally observes a wave-cut terrace adjacent to a cliff at-87 m shaped during the MIS 3 & 2 lowstand. Offlap breaks occur between 95 and 125 mbsl, similar to their elevations on the Black Sea shelf (Hiscott et al. 2002).

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Late glacial-Holocene shelf evolution of the Sea of Marmara west of Istanbul

Cited by 8 publications

References 64 publications

Stratigraphical and morphological aspects of the northern Marmara shelf based on seismic data

Stratigraphical and morphological aspects of the northern Marmara shelf based on seismic data

Lack of marine entry into Marmara and Black Sea-lakes indicate low relative sea level during MIS 3 in the northeastern Mediterranean

Supplementary material to "Lack of marine entry into Marmara and Black Sea-lakes indicate low relative sea level during MIS 3 in the northeastern Mediterranean"

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Late glacial-Holocene shelf evolution of the Sea of Marmara west of Istanbul

Cited by 8 publications

References 64 publications

Stratigraphical and morphological aspects of the northern Marmara shelf based on seismic data

Stratigraphical and morphological aspects of the northern Marmara shelf based on seismic data

Lack of marine entry into Marmara and Black Sea-lakes indicate low relative sea level during MIS 3 in the northeastern Mediterranean

Supplementary material to &quot;Lack of marine entry into Marmara and Black Sea-lakes indicate low relative sea level during MIS 3 in the northeastern Mediterranean&quot;

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Supplementary material to "Lack of marine entry into Marmara and Black Sea-lakes indicate low relative sea level during MIS 3 in the northeastern Mediterranean"