Late-glacial and Holocene palaeoenvironments in the Baltic Sea based on a sedimentary record from the Gda´n%%KERN_ERR%%sk Basin

We present a new time-slice reconstruction of the Eurasian ice sheets (British-Irish, Svalbard-Barents-Kara Seas and Scandinavian) documenting the spatial evolution of these interconnected ice sheets every 1000 years from 25 to 10 ka, and at four selected time periods back to 40 ka. The time-slice maps of ice-sheet extent are based on a new Geographical Information System (GIS) database, where we have collected published numerical dates constraining the timing of ice-sheet advance and retreat, and additionally geomorphological and geological evidence contained within the existing literature. We integrate all uncertainty estimates into three ice-margin lines for each time-slice; a most-credible line, derived from our assessment of all available evidence, with bounding maximum and minimum limits allowed by existing data. This approach was motivated by the demands of glaciological, isostatic and climate modelling and to clearly display limitations in knowledge. The timing of advance and retreat were both remarkably spatially variable across the ice-sheet area. According to our compilation the westernmost limit along the British-Irish and Norwegian continental shelf was reached up to 7000 years earlier (at c. 27-26 ka) than the eastern limit on the Russian Plain (at c. 20-19 ka). The Eurasian ice sheet complex as a whole attained its maximum extent (5.5 Mkm 2 ) and volume (~24 m Sea Level Equivalent) at c. 21 ka. Our continentalscale approach highlights instances of conflicting evidence and gaps in the ice-sheet chronology where uncertainties remain large and should be a focus for future research. Largest uncertainties coincide with locations presently below sea level and where contradicting evidence exists. This first version of the database and time-slices (DATED-1) has a census date of 1 January 2013 and both are available to download via the Bjerknes Climate Data Centre and PANGAEA (www.bcdc.no;

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“…(), Gray (), Gray & Brooks (), Green (), Gregory & Currie (), Greve (), Grigoriev et al . (), Grøsfjeld et al . (), Gulliksen et al .…”

Section: References For Dated‐1 Databaseunclassified

The last Eurasian ice sheets – a chronological database and time‐slice reconstruction, DATED‐1

Hughes

Gyllencreutz

Lohne

et al. 2015

Boreas

806

888

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“…Isotopic studies took into account deeper water masses, below the halocline indicating higher salinity and greater salinity amplitudes during the Holocene (Emeis et al 2003;Leipe et al 2008). The chemical measurements have been performed on concentration of Boron (Sohlenius et al 1996) and Bromine (Grigoriev et al 2011). It resulted in correlation with water salinity and allowed quantitative reconstruction of palaeosalinity changes particularly during the Littorina Sea and Post-Littorina Sea periods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous radioactivity level and high concentrations of heavy minerals in Lemme area, South-West Estonia

Raukas

Koch

Jüriado

et al. 2014

Baltica

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As early as in the 1960s, extensive heavy-mineral concentrations containing zircon, monazite, and xenotime were discovered in the Lemme region of south-western Estonia. These concentrations contribute to the elevated radioactivity levels of the enclosing sediments. The near shore sands of the Litorina Sea contain up to 10-cm-thick interlayers with a heavy mineral content of up to 80%. These anomalous layers were formed during the transgressive phase and result from a complicated cross-and alongshore migration of sedimentary material, derived mainly from local Devonian bedrock. Radioactivity level in the study area is higher relative to the majority of the Devonian plateau. The Lemmeoja buried soil has 13 radiocarbon dates in an area of renewed interest for the investigation of the Baltic Sea history.

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“…Distribution of geochemical parameters throughout this sediment interval indicates suppressed clastic sediment supply (Grigoriev et al . 2011). The occurrence of anoxic sedimentary conditions in the deepest EGoF sedimentary basin 8 during the first stage of the Littorina Sea (8.0–7.3 ka BP), similar to the one established earlier for the central Baltic (Harff et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of climate change on sedimentation processes in the eastern Gulf of Finland during the Middle to Late Holocene

Ryabchuk

Sergeev

Prishchepenko

et al. 2020

Boreas

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This paper presents the results of high‐resolution sedimentological analyses of sediment cores from the eastern Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea). Sampling sites in the periphery of sedimentary basins were selected on the basis of acoustic profiling analyses. The research allowed tracing of the transition from the freshwater Ancylus Lake to the Littorina Sea. A specific transitional layer of ‘blue clays’, indicating the first stage of brackish water inflow into the Gulf of Finland, was dated to 9.1 ka BP. The date of first appearance of Littorina silty clay sedimentation was as follows: from 8.0 ka BP near Gogland Island, from 7.0 ka BP near Moshchny Island and from 5.9 ka BP near the Berezovye Islands. Holocene cycles of hypoxia, associated with periods of warming, were identified and cycles of ‘warming – transgression – anoxic conditions’ and ‘cooling – regression – oxygen‐rich conditions’ were revealed. During the first stage of Littorina transgression (8.0–7.0 ka BP), the near‐bottom environment in the deepest sedimentary basin of the eastern Gulf of Finland was characterized by oxygen deficiency. In contrast, 7.0–6.0 ka BP was dominated by oxygen‐rich conditions and active processes of bioturbation. Anoxic conditions occurred again from 6.0–4.8 ka BP (Holocene Climatic Optimum), resulting in the accumulation of undisturbed silty clays with subhorizontal lamination. The interval from 4.8–2.0 ka was then characterized by oxygen‐rich near‐bottom conditions favourable for benthic organisms. The grain‐size distributions throughout the sediment cores from the easternmost sedimentary basins suggest a relative lowering of the sea level from 3.5–1.8 ka and a rise after 1.8 ka BP.

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Late-glacial and Holocene palaeoenvironments in the Baltic Sea based on a sedimentary record from the Gda´n%%KERN_ERR%%sk Basin

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

The last Eurasian ice sheets – a chronological database and time‐slice reconstruction, DATED‐1

The last Eurasian ice sheets – a chronological database and time‐slice reconstruction, DATED‐1

Anomalous radioactivity level and high concentrations of heavy minerals in Lemme area, South-West Estonia

Impact of climate change on sedimentation processes in the eastern Gulf of Finland during the Middle to Late Holocene

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