Late-glacial and early Holocene lake sediments, ground-water formation and climate in the Atacama Altiplano 22?24�S

Grosjean, Martín; Geyh, Mebus A.; Messerli, Bruno; Schotterer, U.

doi:10.1007/bf00682426

Cited by 104 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Lacustrine carbonates with very high δ 13 C values have been reported from very concentrated evaporating brines (Stiller et al 1985;Mees et al 1998), anoxic sediments (Talbot and Kelts 1990), fresh waters with methane input (Nissenbaum and Magaritz 1988), and travertines (Turi 1986). High δ 13 C values for carbonates in the Andean Altiplano have been found in other saline lakes (Grosjean 1994;Grosjean et al 1995;Schwalb et al 1999) and fluvial travertine deposits (Aravena and Suzuki 1990). These authors have suggested that there is a significant contribution of volcanic-hydrothermal CO 2 in the Altiplano area.…”

Section: Carbon Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Travertines and stromatolites are common deposits in many high-altitude Andean Quaternary lake basins (Grosjean 1994;Grosjean et al 1995;Schwalb et al 1999). Geomorphological and sedimentological studies and microscopic (cathodoluminescence, petrographic, and SEM) observations and stable isotopic analyses (δ 13 C, δ 18 O) have allowed reconstructions of the paleohydrological conditions of different depositional subenvironments for lacustrine travertine and stromatolite occurrences in some of the Andean late Quaternary lacustrine basins in northwestern Argentina.…”

Section: Sedimentary Models For Lacustrine Travertines and Stromatolimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depositional environments of Quaternary lacustrine travertines and stromatolites from high-altitude Andean lakes, northwestern Argentina

2001

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Four distinctive depositional subenvironments of fossil travertines and stromatolites are identified in three high-altitude (3500-4000 m above sea level) lacustrine basins: El Peinado, San Francisco (Las Coladas Salar subbasin), and Las Peladas (southern Andean Altiplano, northwestern Argentina). These late Quaternary occurrences are characterized using geomorphological, sedimentological, petrographic, and stable isotopic data. Stromatolites of cyanobacterial origin only develop in shallow lacustrine margins of El Peinado basin. In the same basin, macrophytic travertines occur both near thermal spring seepage areas along the lake margin as in situ facies and in littoral lacustrine environments up to water depths of several metres as phytoclastic travertine facies. The stromatolites and macrophytic travertines have relatively heavy δ 18 O compositions, suggesting initial 16 O-depleted waters and (or) evaporation effects through time. Their high δ 13 C compositions are interpreted as a reflection of intense CO 2 evasion from the thermal groundwaters feeding the lakes. Similar laminated travertine facies, with no petrographic evidence for biotic origin, occur in both Las Coladas and Las Peladas basins. Neither petrographic nor isotopic data alone can differentiate between these two cases. Besides, diagenetic overprint in Las Peladas facies precludes the use of isotopic values as original isotopic signatures. However, the depositional environmental conditions defined by the geomorphological and sedimentological features are different. Laminated aragonitic crusts in Las Coladas basin formed in a shallow, saline lake and are associated with shoreline and terrace deposits cemented by aragonite. These travertine crusts represent periods of spring, 16 O-rich discharge to the lake, as suggested by the lighter oxygen isotopic compositions. In contrast, travertines from Las Peladas occur as laminated calcitic and aragonitic units intercalated at the top of fining-upward sequences composed of conglomerates, sandstones, and intraclastic limestones. Sedimentological data suggest that these travertines originated in fluvial-influenced lake margins during low lake-level episodes. 1283Résumé : Quatre sous-environnements distincts de déposition de travertins et de stromatolithes fossilifères sont identifiés dans trois bassins lacustres de haute altitude (3500-4000 mètres au-dessus du niveau de la mer), soit les bassins El Peinado, Lad Coladas et Las Peladas (Altiplano andain sud, au nord-ouest de l'Argentine). Ces occurrences du Quaternaire tardif sont caractérisées au moyen de données géomorphologiques, sédimentologiques, pétrographiques et d'isotopes stables. Les stromatolithes d'origine cyanobactérienne ne se développent que dans les marges lacustres peu profondes du bassin El Peinado. Dans ce même bassin, les travertins macrophytiques se retrouvent près de régions de sources d'infiltration thermales le long de la bordure du lac, en tant que faciès in situ, et dans des environnements lacustres littoraux jusqu'à des p...

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Section: Carbon Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Sedimentary Models For Lacustrine Travertines and Stromatolimentioning

confidence: 99%

Depositional environments of Quaternary lacustrine travertines and stromatolites from high-altitude Andean lakes, northwestern Argentina

2001

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“…Water scarcity, and the subsequent displacement of indigenous people, is also a major socio-environmental concern in the Atacama Desert where mining for copper, gold, silver, molybdenum, and lithium competes with basic potable water needs and ecosystem services, at the detriment of biodiversity and communal lands [64]. Furthermore, and according to Grosjean et al [65], water resources in this region should be considered a fossil or non-renewable resource.…”

Section: Zero Eyes Open: Turning a Blind Eye To Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material Services with Both Eyes Wide Open

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Energy has been at the forefront of the sustainable development discourse for quite some time as policymakers, industry heads and society at large have taken progressive steps to cut carbon via renewable energy technologies and energy efficiency measures. Unfortunately, some of these methods have given rise to perverse socio-environmental effects; as materials have been unnecessarily sacrificed, mines and wells have opened and plantations grown, in the name of energy saving. This paper contributes to clean energy-orientated policies and practices by exploring the discipline of sustainable materials. We first review two strategies: energy efficiency linked to materials; and material efficiency, meaning "doing more with less." We find that, although both contribute significantly, they are hampered by the rebound effect and their focus on "doing less bad" rather than "good". Furthermore, they do not in themselves evaluate the services and societal wellbeing that materials provide. We then define "material services" and propose a wider strategy that encompasses and enhances the previous two. Under the new strategy, we argue that sustainable materials should be considered as those that do no harm and which optimally, through the services provided, contribute to better sustainable development policies and practices.

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“…After 4.5 ka BP, the level of Lake Titicaca is rising again (Baker et al, 2001b). In the Chilean part of the Altiplano (18 • -28 • S), small lakes testify a humid Late Glacial-early Holocene period 15.5-10.2 ka BP and pronounced middle Holocene aridity starting around 8 ka BP (Grosjean, 1994;Grosjean et al, 1995;Geyh et al, 1999;Valero-Garcés et al, 1996). This middle Holocene dry period in the Atacama derived from lake sediments is contradicted by wetland deposits accumulated in river channels and palaeo-wetland deposits around the Salar de Atacama (Rech et al, 2002): Phases of higher groundwater tables are indicated before 44 ka BP, 15.4-9 ka BP and 8-3 ka BP.…”

Section: Lake Sediments and Wetland Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate variability of the tropical Andes since the late Pleistocene

Bräuning

2009

Adv. Geosci.

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Abstract. Available proxy records witnessing palaeoclimate of the tropical Andes are comparably scarce. Major implications of palaeoclimate development in the humid and arid parts of the Andes are briefly summarized. The long-term behaviour of ENSO has general significance for the climatic history of the Andes due to its impact on regional circulation patterns and precipitation regimes, therefore ENSO history derived from non-Andean palaeo-records is highlighted. Methodological constraints of the chronological precision and the palaeoclimatic interpretation of records derived from different natural archives, such as glacier sediments and ice cores, lake sediments and palaeo-wetlands, pollen profiles and tree rings are addressed and complementary results concerning former climatic conditions are discussed in terms of possible implications of former atmospheric circulation patterns and main climatic forcing factors. During the last years, increasing tree-ring information is getting available from the tropical Andes, providing high-resolution climate-sensitive records covering the past centuries for the study of climate variability.

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Late-glacial and early Holocene lake sediments, ground-water formation and climate in the Atacama Altiplano 22?24�S

Cited by 104 publications

References 8 publications

Depositional environments of Quaternary lacustrine travertines and stromatolites from high-altitude Andean lakes, northwestern Argentina

Depositional environments of Quaternary lacustrine travertines and stromatolites from high-altitude Andean lakes, northwestern Argentina

Material Services with Both Eyes Wide Open

Climate variability of the tropical Andes since the late Pleistocene

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