Late Effects of Total Gastrectomy in Man

Macdonald, Robert M.; Ingelfinger, Franz J.; Belding, Helen W.

doi:10.1056/nejm194712112372401

Cited by 70 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…An inhibitory effect of gastric distention on the duration of sham-feeding in esophagostomized dogs has also been demonstrated. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Since animals with denervated gastrointestinal tracts show normal regulation of food intake,'3 it must be assumed that either the gastric distention mechanism is dispensable or that gastric distention may operate through somatic nerves stimulated by increase in the volume of the abdominal contents.…”

Section: Gastric Distention and Regztlation Of Food Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Current Views on the Regulation of Hunger and Appetite

Grossman

1955

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Professor E. F. Adolph' has said: "Regulations in organisms are maintenances of relative constancies." What is it that is being "regulated" or "maintained relatively constant" as regards our subject of hunger and appetite? I submit that it is mainly the body's content of nutrients. Under special circumstances, regulation of other factors, such as body-heat content or bodywater content, may take precedence but, normally, it is probably nutrient stores that are being conserved. Although all classes of nutrients are involved in this regulatory process, for the present discussion we shall confine our considerations to the energy-yielding nutrients; that is, we shall be concerned with calorie balance.The store of energy in the healthy adult animal body remains relatively constant over long periods. It follows that the rates of energy intake and expenditure are essentially equal. The regulatory process which tends to keep them equal involves psychic phenomena, hunger, and appetite. Our interest in these psychic phenomena is from the point of view of how they are related to this regulatory process.We are dealing, then, with the psychic adjuncts of a physiological regulatory mechanism and are a t once beset with the problem of whether these psychic states are an overflow into consciousness of an essentially automatic bodily process or are indispensable in the regulatory mechanism. In other words, "TO what extent are hunger and appetite merely an awareness that the regu- 76Here, a useful analogy might be drawn between hunger and pain.

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Section: Gastric Distention and Regztlation Of Food Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Current Views on the Regulation of Hunger and Appetite

Grossman

1955

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…When the diet contains virtually no cobalamin, as may be the case for strict vegetarians (2), biliary cobalamin is effectively conserved, and clinical deficiency may take as long as twenty years to develop. When intestinal absorption of cobalamin is impaired for any reason, however, endogenous as well as dietary cobalamin is lost, and deficiency of the vitamin develops within three to six years (32). Two features of IF -mediated absorption of cobalamin warrant special comment.…”

Section: Intestinal Absorption Of Cobalaminmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Absence of IF is an obvious consequence of total gastrectomy and, if patients are untreated, cobalamin deficiency develops within 3-6 years of surgery (32).…”

Section: Abnormal Intragastric Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorders of Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) Absorption and Transport

Kapadia¹,

Donaldson²

1985

Annu. Rev. Med.

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Highly specialized mechanisms are required for transporting cobalamin (vitamin B12) into and out of mammalian cells. This review describes the key role of the cobalamin-binding proteins in meeting the stringent requirements for transport of this essential nutrient. Also summarized are the various defects capable of impairing intestinal absorption and transcellular transport of cobalamin. Elucidation of these defects proved crucial for our current understanding of normal cobalamin transport mechanisms.

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“…The syndrome differs from Addisonian pernicious anaemia in that the secretion of hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor by the stomach may be normal; and from sprue in that there need be no steatorrhoea. It seems particularly appropriate for experimental study because it is impossible to produce a megalocytic anaemia by operations on the stomach in animals (Cameron, Watson, and Witts, 1949b), and JAN 5,15 NETNLMCOYI NEI pernicious anaemia does not always develop after total resection of the stomach in man (MacDonald et al, 1947). These observations led us to the working hypothesis that in pernicious anaemia the failure of gastric secretion might merely set the stage for the development of anaemia, which was actually initiated by events in the small intestine.…”

Section: Present Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%