Late Early Permian (late Leonardian; Kungurian) algae, microproblematica, and smaller foraminifers from the Yeso Group and San Andres Formation (New Mexico; USA)

The foraminiferal biostratigraphy and precise geological ages of the late Wordian, Capitanian, and Wuchiapingian strata in the Abadeh region of Iran have remained poorly constrained, despite evidence that they contain one of the most complete marine records of this important time interval. The purpose of this study is to provide a more complete documentation about the foraminiferal community preserved in these deposits, to assess their correlation with other Tethyan shelves, and to address implications for paleobiogeography. The foraminifers and calcareous algae from two measured stratigraphic sections allowed us to re‐evaluate the biostratigraphy of the poorly studied upper part of the Surmaq Formation and the entire Abadeh Formation in the Hambast Valley, Abadeh region, Iran. Foraminiferal assemblages consist of 72 species belonging to 34 genera. Calcareous algae and botanical incertae sedis include seven species from four genera, of which two species are new: Eogoniolina kordeae n. sp. and Sphairionia stellata n. sp. Four foraminiferal biozones are identifed in both sections: upper Wordian‐lower Capitanian Altineria bacillaeformis‐Baisalina pulchra‐“Hemigordius” aff. japonicus‐Sphairionia stellata Zone, upper Capitanian Baisalina cf. guizhouensis‐Hemigordius giganteus Zone, uppermost Capitanian Hemigordius irregulariformis Zone, and Wuchiapingian Pseudodunbarula‐Codonofusiella kwangsiana‐Reichelina cf. changhsingensis Zone. According to the foraminiferal assemblages, the beginning of the Wuchiapingian is placed at the lower part of the subunit 4b, which is contrary to the previous study reporting the base of unit 5 of the Abadeh Formation or the base of the unit 6 of the Hambast Formation as lower Wuchiapingian. Coeval biozones have been described in Transcaucasia in the former USSR. The similarity of foraminiferal assemblages in the Abadeh region and Transcaucasia reveals a proximity between these two regions, at least during Capitanian and Wuchiapingian time. Furthermore, the resemblance of foraminiferal faunas between Abadeh region and South China is more likely through palaeocurrent gyres, which facilitated the faunal exchange between these two regions despite their great geographic distances.

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“…cf. infrapermica (Vachard, Krainer, & Lucas, ), G . sp., Hemigordius minutus (Pronina, ), “ Hemigordius ” aff.…”

Section: Biostratigraphical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glomomidiella cf. infrapermica Vachard et al (), transverse section, HS‐25‐2, ALU 531; 11–14. Sphaerulina ogbinensis Rozovskaya in Rozovskaya and Rauzer‐Chernousova (), 11.…”

Section: Biostratigraphical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refined foraminiferal biostratigraphy of upper Wordian, Capitanian, and Wuchiapingian strata in Hambast Valley, Abadeh region (Iran), and paleobiogeographic implications

et al. 2020

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“…Schmitz and Davydov (2012), Ogg et al (2016) and Ramezani and Bowring (2018). Cross correlation of the SGCS to the North American chronostratigraphic scale and the land-vertebrate faunachrons is based on Barrick et al (2004), Wardlaw (2005), Heckel et al (2007), Vachard et al (2015) and Lucas (2006Lucas ( , 2017Lucas ( , 2018.…”

Section: Temporal Range Of Edaphosaurusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oldest specialized tetrapod herbivore: A new eupelycosaur from the Permian of New Mexico, USA

Lucas

Rinehart

Celeskey

2018

Palaeontol Electron

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Gordodon kraineri is a new genus and species of edaphosaurid eupelycosaur known from an associated skull, lower jaw and incomplete postcranium found in the early Permian Bursum Formation of Otero County, New Mexico, USA. It has a specialized dental apparatus consisting of large, chisel-like incisors in the front of the jaws separated by a long diastema from relatively short rows of peg-like maxillary and dentary cheek teeth. The dorsal vertebrae of Gordodon have long neural spines that bear numerous, randomly arranged, small, thorn-like tubercles. The tubercles on long neural spines place Gordodon in the Edaphosauridae, and the dental apparatus and distinctive tubercles on the neural spines distinguish it from the other edaphosaurid genera-Edaphosaurus, Glaucosaurus, Lupeosaurus and Ianthasaurus. Gordodon is the oldest known tetrapod herbivore with a dentary diastema, extending the temporal range of that anatomical feature back 95 million years from the Late Triassic. The dental apparatus of Gordodon indicates significantly different modes of ingestion and intraoral transport of vegetable matter than took place in Edaphosaurus and thus represents a marked increase in disparity among edaphosaurids. There were two very early pathways to tetrapod herbivory in edaphosaurid evolution, one toward generalized browsing on high-fiber plant items (Edaphosaurus) and the other (Gordodon) toward more specialized browsing, at least some of it likely on higher nutrient, low fiber plant items. Gordodon shows a surprisingly early specialization of the dental apparatus and indicates how incomplete our knowledge is of edaphosaurid evolution, disparity and diversity.

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Macroevolution and Biostratigraphy of Paleozoic Foraminifers

Vachard¹

2016

Stratigraphy &Amp; Timescales

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Late Early Permian (late Leonardian; Kungurian) algae, microproblematica, and smaller foraminifers from the Yeso Group and San Andres Formation (New Mexico; USA)

Cited by 5 publications

References 53 publications

Refined foraminiferal biostratigraphy of upper Wordian, Capitanian, and Wuchiapingian strata in Hambast Valley, Abadeh region (Iran), and paleobiogeographic implications

Refined foraminiferal biostratigraphy of upper Wordian, Capitanian, and Wuchiapingian strata in Hambast Valley, Abadeh region (Iran), and paleobiogeographic implications

The oldest specialized tetrapod herbivore: A new eupelycosaur from the Permian of New Mexico, USA

Macroevolution and Biostratigraphy of Paleozoic Foraminifers

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