Late Cretaceous to recent tectonic evolution of the North German Basin and the transition zone to the Baltic Shield/southwest Baltic Sea

Hseinat, Mu’ayyad Al; Hübscher, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2017.04.021

Cited by 36 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…(), Kammann et al . () and Al Hseinat & Hübscher (). These authors attributed neotectonics to glacial isostatic adjustment and the present‐day stress field.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…(, ), Hübscher et al . () and Al Hseinat & Hübscher (). The data collected and discussed by these authors define the base Cretaceous unconformity (BCU), the base Chalk Group (BCG; Fig.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Several major tectonic events have influenced the area from the Palaeozoic to the present‐day. These include: (i) the Caledonian and Variscan orogenies (late Cambrian to late Carboniferous); (ii) rifting phases (early Permian); (iii) subsidence during much of the Mesozoic; (iv) late Cretaceous to early Tertiary inversion; and (v) several phases of post‐glacial isostatic adjustment in the Quaternary (for an overview see Maystrenko et al ., ; McCann, ; Al Hseinat & Hübscher, ).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between the late Eocene and middle Miocene the principal horizontal stress orientation changed from north‐east/south‐west to north‐west/south‐east, which is also the present‐day orientation. Al Hseinat & Hübscher () determined that the Nord Jasmund Fault was tectonically active during the late Pleistocene. Evidence for middle Pleistocene to recent tectonics in the study are has been generally provided by Al Hseinat et al .…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tectonic map of study area (after Norling & Bergström, , and references therein; Al Hseinat & Hübscher, ; Seidel et al ., ). Grey lines mark location of seismic profiles used for stratigraphic interpretation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of contourite systems in the late Cretaceous Chalk Sea along the Tornquist Zone

et al. 2019

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Based on integration of seismic reflection and well data analysis this study examines two major contourite systems that developed during the late Cretaceous in the southern Baltic Sea. The evolution of these Chalk Sea contourite systems between the Kattegat and the southern Baltic Sea started when Turonian to Campanian inversion tectonics overprinted the rather flat sea floor of the epeiric Chalk Sea. The Tornquist Zone and adjacent smaller blocks were uplifted and formed elongated obstacles that influenced the bottom currents. As a consequence of the inversion, the sea floor west of the Tornquist Zone tilted towards the north-east, creating an asymmetrical subbasin with a steep marginal slope in the north-east and a gentle dipping slope in the south-west. A south-east directed contour current emerged in the Coniacian or Santonian along the south-western basin margin, creating contourite channels and drifts. The previously studied contourite system offshore Stevns Klint is part of this system. A second, deeper and north-west directed counter-flow emerged along and parallel to the Tornquist Zone in the later Campanian, but was strongest in the Maastrichtian. This bottom current moderated the evolution of a drift-moat system adjacent to the elevated Tornquist Zone. The near surface Alnarp Valley in Scania represents the Danian palaeo-moat that linked the Pomeranian Bay with the Kattegat. The previously studied contourite system in the Kattegat represents the north-western prolongation of this system. This study links previous observations from the Kattegat and offshore Stevns Klint to the here inferred two currents, a more shallow, south-east directed and a deeper, north-west directed flow.

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“…(), Kammann et al . () and Al Hseinat & Hübscher (). These authors attributed neotectonics to glacial isostatic adjustment and the present‐day stress field.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…(, ), Hübscher et al . () and Al Hseinat & Hübscher (). The data collected and discussed by these authors define the base Cretaceous unconformity (BCU), the base Chalk Group (BCG; Fig.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evolution of contourite systems in the late Cretaceous Chalk Sea along the Tornquist Zone

et al. 2019

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Misinterpretation of velocity pull‐ups caused by high‐velocity infill of tunnel valleys in the southern Baltic Sea

Frahm

Hübscher

Warwel

et al. 2020

Near Surface Geophysics

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In this study, we undertake a renewed investigation of up-bent reflections seen in seismic time sections from the Baltic Sea, Bay of Kiel. These warped reflections stretch over the entire vertical extent of the sections, from Permian to Quaternary strata, and underlie tunnel valleys. Previous studies interpreted these structures as anticlines, explaining them together with adjacent faults and disrupted strata as the consequence of ice-load-induced salt tectonics. This conclusion would have influenced theories on how tunnel valleys formed. However, well data from tunnel valleys in other regions supported the interpretation of the up-bent reflections as imaging artefacts (pull-ups). A newly acquired long-offset, multichannel seismic data set images all strata from Base Zechstein up to the seafloor. Owing to the length of the streamer and a shallow water depth, the data display significant moveout and refracted waves, allowing the application of different quantitative methods to investigate velocities. By generating partialoffset sections, we reveal an offset dependence in the imaging of the up-bent structures caused by a local, near-surface high-velocity zone. This also explains a smoothing of the up-bending with depth in the seismic image. A velocity model gained by a traveltime tomography shows positive velocity anomalies in the upper strata correlating with tunnel valleys resolved in the reflection images. A pre-stack depth migration performed with a velocity model containing a high-velocity zone results in a seismic image almost free of the observed up-bent reflections. High-frequency reflection seismic data confirm this result as it shows a detailed image of a tunnel valley with a phase-reversed bottom reflection caused by the velocity inversion at the base of the high-velocity valley fill deposits. Hence, there is consistent evidence that all up-bent reflections in the Bay of Kiel are imaging artefacts (pull-ups) that formed beneath tunnel valleys. A salt tectonic control on tunnel valley evolution is, consequently, not likely. This study is the first purely seismic data-driven study that proves high-velocity valley fill deposits. Our findings imply that extra care must be taken when interpreting reflection undulations as tectonic features where glacial deposits are present.

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Seismic stratigraphy of the Klints Bank east of Gotland (Baltic Sea): a giant drumlin sealing thermogenic hydrocarbons

2021

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This work analyses six high-resolution multi-channel seismic profiles across the Klints Bank east of Gotland. The Klints Bank consists of a drop-shaped increase of the Quaternary thickness and is oriented in an approximately north-southern direction with a length of over 50 km, a width of about 15 km and a maximum thickness of 150 m. The glacial origin of the Klints Bank can be verified with the dataset presented in this study. We classify the feature as a (giant) drumlin due to its steep up-ice and tapered down-ice face in combination with an orientation parallel to the ice-flow direction of the Weichselian glaciation. The seismic image of the internal structure of the Quaternary unit shows no uniform stratification or deformation patterns; instead, local sub-parallel reflection patterns interlayered with transparent units are observed. The averaged seismic velocity of this unit is about 2000 m/s, which is interpreted as an autochthonous deposition of glaciogenic sediments. Signs of overprinting are interpreted based on the geometry of the flanks of the structure, which appear mostly in the form of collapse structures and lifted blocks due to compressional thrust faulting. Phase-reversed events within and beneath the Quaternary are perceived as strong evidence of fluid (hydrocarbon) presence within the Klints Bank. Organically enriched Palaeozoic shales in south-easterly direction of the Klints Bank presumably give the origin of these thermogenic hydrocarbons.

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Late Cretaceous to recent tectonic evolution of the North German Basin and the transition zone to the Baltic Shield/southwest Baltic Sea

Cited by 36 publications

References 102 publications

Evolution of contourite systems in the late Cretaceous Chalk Sea along the Tornquist Zone

Evolution of contourite systems in the late Cretaceous Chalk Sea along the Tornquist Zone

Misinterpretation of velocity pull‐ups caused by high‐velocity infill of tunnel valleys in the southern Baltic Sea

Seismic stratigraphy of the Klints Bank east of Gotland (Baltic Sea): a giant drumlin sealing thermogenic hydrocarbons

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