Late Cretaceous to Late Eocene Hekimhan Basin (Central Eastern Turkey) as a supra-ophiolite sedimentary/magmatic basin related to the later stages of closure of Neotethys

Booth, Matthew G.; Robertson, Alastair H.F.; Taşlı, Kemal; İnan, Nurdan

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2014.05.039

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…While initial collision and suturing along the IAESZ could not have been responsible for Eocene‐Oligocene deformation in central Anatolia, other workers have attributed the latter to suture tightening (Figure a; Booth et al, ; Rice et al, ; Robertson et al, ; Şengör & Yılmaz, ; Yılmaz & Yılmaz, ). This concept implies that convergence between the ATB/KB and Pontides continued for >30 myr along the IAESZ and ITS following Late Cretaceous‐Paleocene initial collision.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Central Anatolia is host to numerous Late Cretaceous to Cenozoic sedimentary basins that were deposited on basement consisting of Cretaceous Neotethyan ophiolites and autochthonous Mesozoic‐Paleozoic carbonate platforms and share similar stratigraphic sequences (Booth et al, ; Cater et al, ; Görür et al, , ; Gürer & Aldanmaz, ; Kaymakci et al, ; Poisson et al, ; Yılmaz & Yılmaz, ). The oldest strata typically consist of Late Cretaceous‐Paleocene shallow marine facies that transition up‐section into deepwater facies dominated by Eocene turbidites and marls (flysch) with local volcanic intercalations.…”

Section: Geologic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid Late Eocene Exhumation of the Sivas Basin (Central Anatolia) Driven by Initial Arabia‐Eurasia Collision

2018

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Continental collisions exert a profound influence on the configuration and evolution of orogenic systems. The effects of Arabia-Eurasia collision on the geodynamics of the eastern Mediterranean are difficult to unravel, however, because the timing of initial collision (i.e., intercontinental contact) remains controversial. We present the first detrital and bedrock apatite fission track and (U-Th-Sm)/He thermochronology, and detrital zircon U-Pb constraints from the Sivas Basin and eastern Taurides in central Anatolia (Turkey), which provide a detailed record of Cenozoic orogenesis in the hinterland of the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone. Our results indicate rapid middle Eocene burial followed by shortening, rapid cooling (up to~25-45°C/myr), and initiation of the southern Sivas fold-thrust belt (SSFTB) during the late Eocene (~40-34 Ma), consistent with evidence of a coeval basin-wide unconformity. We interpret that rapid late Eocene cooling of the SSFTB reflects exhumation driven by the northward propagation of retroforeland contraction into the Sivas Basin from the middle to late Eocene, and we propose that these events were due to initial soft collision of the thinned Arabian passive margin by~45 Ma. This timing of the inception of collision is supported by a regional compilation of apatite fission track data that indicates rapid cooling and hinterland exhumation throughout central and eastern Anatolia from~45 to 20 Ma, which was synchronous with a widespread magmatic lull from~40 to 20 Ma. The data presented here are compatible with a widely accepted transition to more mature or hard collision at~20 Ma, probably related to the arrival of thick Arabian crust along the Bitlis suture zone. Plain Language SummaryThe continents of Arabia and Eurasia (Europe and Asia) comprise two separate tectonic plates that are currently colliding with each other. We are uncertain when collision started, which makes it difficult to understand how the collision may have triggered other tectonic changes throughout the region. We investigated the onset of collision by collecting rock samples near the boundary between these continents in central Turkey and determining how their temperature has changed through time (thermochronology). Our analyses tell us the rocks cooled down very quickly~40 million years ago, from temperatures greater than~120°C (i.e., several kilometers deep in the Earth) to much lower temperatures similar to Earth's surface. We infer that rapid cooling was due to the onset of tectonic activity and the creation of a mountain chain with high rates of erosion that removed overlying rocks to bring these samples closer to Earth's surface. These new results agree well with several similar studies that show that rock cooling also occurred at the same time throughout the entire region. We conclude that rock cooling was caused by tectonic uplift and erosion triggered by initial collision of the thinned front of the Arabia plate with Turkeỹ 45 million years ago.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Late Eocene Exhumation of the Sivas Basin (Central Anatolia) Driven by Initial Arabia‐Eurasia Collision

2018

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“…Contemporaneous to possible forearc hyper extension and suprasubduction zone spreading, the lower plate and the northern edge of the Tauride are progressively subducted subsequently, associated with a regional obduction event during the Late Cretaceous (Figure b). Frontward of the obducted ophiolitic nappe, accretionary mélange is imbricated, forming later the basement of the Hekimhan and Darende Basins (Booth et al, ; Booth et al, ). This ophiolitic mélange is probably thinner to the north, or locally absent, such as in the Sivas area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pre‐Obduction to Post‐Obduction Evolution of the Sivas Ophiolite (Turkey) and Implications for the Precollisional History of Eastern Anatolia

et al. 2019

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The Anatolian block preserves remnants of Tethyan oceanic basins consumed by north dipping subduction zones until the Late Cretaceous prior to Paleogene collision. The Sivas Basin, which belongs to the Maastrichtian to Cenozoic Central Anatolian basins, is located in a key position limited to the north and the south by respectively the Pontides and Tauride ophiolitic bodies and to the west by the Kırşehir block. This study focuses on the southern margin of the Sivas Basin, where an obducted ophiolite is capped by Maastrichtian‐Paleocene sediments. We present new field observations, with U‐Pb zircon dating on magmatic rocks and geochemical analyses to (1) unravel the pre‐obduction nature and origin of the ophiolitic basement and (2) describe the post‐obduction tectonosedimentary evolution. The pre‐obduction evolution shows that (i) the Sivas ophiolite is characterized by serpentinized peridotites, with minor magmatic intrusions, (ii) the top of the serpentinized mantle is characterized by a cataclastic deformation with ophicalcites interpreted as an extensional detachment fault, (iii) the U‐Pb zircon dating of two magmatic intrusions yield age of 91.49 ± 0.8 Ma and 72.7 ± 0.5 Ma, and (iv) petrological and geochemical data show that the magmatic intrusions were affected by hydrothermal metamorphism. These data suggest that the Sivas ophiolite may have recorded forearc hyperextension in frame of a Late Cretaceous suprasubduction zone. The post‐obduction evolution is characterized by the deposition of a Maastrichtian‐Paleocene carbonate platform on the ophiolite, followed by clastic sediments containing reworked ophiolitic and Tauride Mesozoic clasts.

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“…Palmer et al (2004 has reported 0.707827 of 87 Sr/ 86 Sr of the one gypsum samples from nearby Darende basin and concluded that the evaporate was Paleocene in age. Similarly, Booth et al (2014) envisaged the Paleocene evaporate in the Hekimhan basin/sub-basin. 87 Sr/ 86 Sr analyses of the celestite samples studied herein yielded slightly higher value than those of gypsum samples may be attributed to have been added somewhat heavier radiogenic or non-radiogenic strontium in the diagenetic environment of the celestite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary evaporites in the Malatya Basin, eastern Turkey

Ayyıldız

Varol

Önal

et al. 2015

Carbonates Evaporites

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The Malatya basin is situated on the AnatolidTorid plate of the Neo-Tethys Sea. Evaporites were deposited in the northwestern part of the Malatya basin, which is referred to as the Hekimhan sub-basin. Although the Gün-düzbey sub-basin in the southeastern Malatya basin has coeval deposits, it contains no evaporate deposits. The evaporite is most likely the result of the last transgressiveregressive cycle of the Late Cretaceous Sea. The pre-evaporitic unit is represented by the carbonate platform deposit of the Loftusia banks, which partly underwent dolomitization and overlies the deep marine sediments. Celestite-bearing algal limestone was deposited directly below the gypsumdominated evaporate unit in association with the organicrich mudstone. Evaporite sedimentation took place in various types of environments, such as marginal shallow subaqueous with the association of sabkha-coastal lagoon and deeper subaqueous. It is assumed that the tectonic evolution of the basin margin, which occurred during the latest stage of the Cretaceous regression, was responsible for the environmental restriction leading to evaporate sedimentation under arid/semiarid climatic conditions. The 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios obtained from 38 samples of the gypsum and celestitebearing limestones (11 samples) range between 0.707817 and 0.707980 and between 0.707783 and 0.707864, respectively. The d 34 S values range from ?19.5 to ?22.4 %, and the d 18 O values range from ?9.6 to ?12.7 %. These isotopic signatures correspond to that of Late Cretaceous/ Early Paleocene (Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary) marine water. However, celestite exhibit(s) relatively higher d 34 S and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values than expected marine values, which could be a result of contribution of diagenetic fluid into the celestite-precipitated environment.

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Late Cretaceous to Late Eocene Hekimhan Basin (Central Eastern Turkey) as a supra-ophiolite sedimentary/magmatic basin related to the later stages of closure of Neotethys

Cited by 21 publications

References 50 publications

Rapid Late Eocene Exhumation of the Sivas Basin (Central Anatolia) Driven by Initial Arabia‐Eurasia Collision

Rapid Late Eocene Exhumation of the Sivas Basin (Central Anatolia) Driven by Initial Arabia‐Eurasia Collision

The Pre‐Obduction to Post‐Obduction Evolution of the Sivas Ophiolite (Turkey) and Implications for the Precollisional History of Eastern Anatolia

Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary evaporites in the Malatya Basin, eastern Turkey

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