Late-career Risks in Changing Welfare States

Abstract

Part I Background 1 Introduction 1.1 Why compare Germany and the United States? 1.2 Why study income mobility around job loss and retirement? 1.3 Overview of the study 2 Welfare state change and income mobility: a framework 2.1 Income mobility: relevance, limitations, and empirical approaches 2.2 Income mobility around adverse life events -a framework 2.3 The focal events: job loss and retirement 3 Institutional context and social policy change 3.1 Macroeconomic context 3.2 Differences and trends in the employment levels of older people 3.3 Institutional context and the (re)employment prospects of older workers 3.4 Differences and changes in public and employment-based protection 3.5 Female labor force participation and earnings arrangements 3.6 Summary 4 Data and methods 4.1 Conceptual framework and analytic strategy 4.2 Implementation of did matching and compositional adjustments 4.3 Data and key measures Part II Economic consequences of retirement 5 Literature review and research questions 5.1 Why should economic well-being change at retirement? 5.2 Institutional context and income changes at retirement: research questions and hypotheses 5.3 Previous research on income change at retirement 6 The changing economic consequences of retirement 6.1 Retirement patterns and economic situation of nonworking individuals 6.2 Sample characteristics and details of estimation approach 6.3 Income changes around exit from work 6.4 Summary and conclusions 6.5 Additional results Part III Economic consequences of late-career job loss 7 Literature review and research questions 7.1 Employment, earnings and household income after late-career job loss 7.2 Institutional context and the impact of late-career job loss on employment and income: research questions and hypotheses 7.3 Previous empirical research 8 The changing economic consequences of late-career job loss 8.1 Sample characteristics and details of estimation approach 8.2 Empirical results 8.3 Summary and conclusions 8.4 Additional results Part IV Conclusion 9 Conclusion 9.1 Key findings: welfare regimes and the 'Great Risk Shift' revisited 9.2 Implications and directions for future research Part I Background 1 'Eine zentrale These des Buchs lautet, dass der Sozialstaat seit Mitte der 1970er-Jahre restrukturiert und demontiert wird [...] die neoliberale Wende [bringt] zwar das Ende des Wohlfahrtsstaates, wie ihn die "alte" Bundesrepublik kannte, mit sich; eine Hochleistungs-, Konkurrenz-und Ellbogengesellschaft nach us-amerikanischem Muster bietet aber für die Mehrheit der Bevölkerung keine erstrebenswerte Alternative.'