Late Breaking Abstract - Differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs target key inflammatory pathways in COPD.

Burke, Hannah; Heinson, Ashley; Freeman, Anna; Ostridge, Kris; Watson, Alastair; Staples, Karl J.; Spalluto, Mirella; Wilkinson, Tom

doi:10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.oa4922

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, there is potential to stratify elderly subpopulations for personalised vaccination approaches in the future using this approach. 121,129,131,132 Antiviral therapeutics The investigation into potential COVID-19 therapeutics is still ongoing, with a variety of novel therapeutics being trialled. [133][134][135][136][137][138] However, exogenous IFN-β has potential in preventing respiratory viral infections in the elderly and early results from a randomised controlled trial demonstrate the efficacy of IFN-β in improving symptoms in hospitalised patients with COVID-19.…”

Section: Other Vaccines and Novel Vaccination Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory viral infections in the elderly

Watson

Wilkinson

2021

Ther Adv Respir Dis

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With the global over 60-year-old population predicted to more than double over the next 35 years, caring for this aging population has become a major global healthcare challenge. In 2016 there were over 1 million deaths in >70 year olds due to lower respiratory tract infections; 13–31% of these have been reported to be caused by viruses. Since then, there has been a global COVID-19 pandemic, which has caused over 2.3 million deaths so far; increased age has been shown to be the biggest risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Thus, the burden of respiratory viral infections in the elderly is becoming an increasing unmet clinical need. Particular challenges are faced due to the interplay of a variety of factors including complex multimorbidities, decreased physiological reserve and an aging immune system. Moreover, their atypical presentation of symptoms may lead to delayed necessary care, prescription of additional drugs and prolonged hospital stay. This leads to morbidity and mortality and further nosocomial spread. Clinicians currently have limited access to sensitive detection methods. Furthermore, a lack of effective antiviral treatments means there is little incentive to diagnose and record specific non-COVID-19 viral infections. To meet this unmet clinical need, it is first essential to fully understand the burden of respiratory viruses in the elderly. Doing this through prospective screening research studies for all respiratory viruses will help guide preventative policies and clinical trials for emerging therapeutics. The implementation of multiplex point-of-care diagnostics as a mainstay in all healthcare settings will be essential to understand the burden of respiratory viruses, diagnose patients and monitor outbreaks. The further development of novel targeted vaccinations as well as anti-viral therapeutics and new ways to augment the aging immune system is now also essential. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.

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Section: Other Vaccines and Novel Vaccination Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory viral infections in the elderly

Watson

Wilkinson

2021

Ther Adv Respir Dis

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“…A growing list of studies have showed that exosomes can be isolated from airway biofluids, including BALF, saliva, and sputum [23,24,25,66]. The remarkable stability of exosomal content in the bloodstream has been attributed to their encapsulation into a bilayer lipid membrane, which protects them from the degrading enzymes (e.g., ribonucleases) present in the biofluids and protects them as a potential biomarker.…”

Section: Exosomes As Promising Diagnostic Biomarkers Of Lung Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Correlation of altered plasma myo-miRs with skeletal muscle function highlights the potential use of this miRNA signature as biomarker of skeletal muscle dysfunction [67]. In a recent abstract, Burke et al have reported an alteration of the BALF levels of 23 exosomal miRNAs between COPD and healthy ex-smokers, among those with miR-223-3p, miR-223-5p, miR-338-3p, miR-1469, miR-204-5p, and miR-618 [66]. Interestingly, these differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs are associated to relevant inflammatory pathways (TNFα, NF-κβ, and MAPK signaling) [66], suggesting their impact in the persistent inflammatory response in COPD and therefore are potential targets for future therapies.…”

Section: Exosomes As Promising Diagnostic Biomarkers Of Lung Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal miRNAs in Lung Diseases: From Biologic Function to Therapeutic Targets

Guiot

Struman

Louis

et al. 2019

JCM

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Increasing evidence suggests the potential role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in many lung diseases. According to their subcellular origin, secretion mechanism, and size, EVs are currently classified into three subpopulations: exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. Exosomes are released in most biofluids, including airway fluids, and play a key role in intercellular communication via the delivery of their cargo (e.g., microRNAs (miRNAs)) to target cell. In a physiological context, lung exosomes present protective effects against stress signals which allow them to participate in the maintenance of lung homeostasis. The presence of air pollution alters the composition of lung exosomes (dysregulation of exosomal miRNAs) and their homeostatic property. Indeed, besides their potential as diagnostic biomarkers for lung diseases, lung exosomes are functional units capable of dysregulating numerous pathophysiological processes (including inflammation or fibrosis), resulting in the promotion of lung disease progression. Here, we review recent studies on the known and potential role of lung exosomes/exosomal miRNAs, in the maintaining of lung homeostasis on one hand, and in promoting lung disease progression on the other. We will also discuss using exosomes as prognostic/diagnostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic tools for lung diseases.

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“…5 National Institute for Health Research, Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK. 6 ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain. 7 CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exosomes from sarcoidosis patients have leukotriene-dependent pro-inflammatory properties and trigger interleukin-1β production in macrophages. Hannah Burke (Southampton, UK) and co-workers showed that exosomes have dysregulated microRNA (miRNA) relevant to inflammatory pathways and might predict chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [6]. Olivier Burgy (Denver, CO, USA) and co-workers demonstrated an increase of extracellular vesicles in BALF from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) [7].…”

Section: Assembly 3: Basic and Translational Sciences (Olivier Burgy)mentioning

confidence: 99%