Late appearance of nephrotic syndrome in congenital syphilis

The present study reports epidemiological data on renal disorders in children in Venezuela. Information was obtained from 14 centers for the period January through December 1998. A total of 3,624 patients were evaluated as either a first outpatient consultation or as a first hospital admission. Nearly 70% of the patients could be grouped in one of the following categories: (1) urinary tract infections (32%), with detection of abnormalities of the urinary tract in 25%, (2) metabolic disorders (28%), mainly idiopathic hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria, (3) glomerulonephritis (9.5%). The other 30% corresponded to urolithiasis 7%; renal tubular acidosis 5.6%; nephrotic syndrome 4.5%; primary hematuria 4.2%; acute renal failure 2.8% (43% were secondary to acute dehydration, 15% to birth asphyxia, 14% to septicemia, and 23% to multiple factors); chronic renal failure 1.6% (secondary to glomerulopathies, predominantly focal glomerulosclerosis, structural abnormalities of the urinary tract, hereditary disorders, and renal hypoplasia/dysplasia); miscellaneous diseases 4.8%. Hence, the spectrum of renal disorders in Venezuela is wide, sharing similarities with countries of both the developed and developing world. These data will hopefully contribute to the development of national healthcare policies appropriate to the epidemiology of the country.

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“…year of life was secondary to syphilis in 3 patients, which has been rarely reported in the literature [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Renal diseases in children in Venezuela, South America

Orta-Sibú¹,

Lopez²,

Moriyón³

et al. 2002

Pediatr Nephrol

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“…A few also have hydrops fetalis, hepatosplenomegaly and jaundice, lymphadenopathy, and nasal discharge. 28 This white or blood-tinged discharge and any mucous membrane or skin 367 Synovitis lesion (usually maculopapules, but these can ulcerate), which generally are present on the buttocks, back, thighs, and soles, are laden with high concentrations of infectious organisms-beware! Some congenital findings, such as anemia, periostitis, jaundice, or hepatitis, may not become evident for several months.177 Other changes, reflecting tissue damage and growth become obvious only after 1 or 2 years.…”

Section: Syphilismentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections of the Newborn

Marks

1985

Pediatric Infectious Diseases for the Practitioner

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Infections of the Newborn General ConsiderationsNewborns are special! They are exposed to several diverse environments during their intrauterine, perinatal, and postnatal lives. Because of this, and their relatively immature state of physical and immunological development, they have infectious disease problems that deserve special emphasis. In fact, there are textbooks exclusively devoted to infectious diseases of the fetus and newborn. Do not worry, this chapter will not attempt to be comprehensive in every detail, but rather focus on the commonest problems. Newborn Environments (Fig 3-1)The first world the fetus encounters is unique in several aspects.Intrauterine. The ideal isolation room-or is it? There is no problem with airborne infection and direct contact with infected persons is. impossible. Maternal immunity is altered so that tolerance is pronounced, allowing the fetus to persist without immunologic challenge, in most cases. Contact between the mother's environment and the fetus is maintained and controlled via the placenta and umbilical cord, which are generally effective in limiting in utero antigenic exposure of the fetus. Nevertheless, breakthroughs occur. A common example is congenital cytomegalovirus infection, probably the most frequent congenital infection. Other maternal infections in the first trimester (e.g. influenza, measles, tuberculosis, etc.) have been associated with abortion and fetal death. These severe outcomes may be nature's way of avoiding horrendous congenital anomalies. In fact, these infections can be likened to lethal mutations, since they occur so early in embryonic development.

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