Lassa virus circulating in Liberia: a retrospective genomic characterisation

Wiley, Michael R.; Fakoli, Lawrence; Letizia, Andrew G.; Welch, Stephen R.; Ladner, Jason T.; Prieto, Karla; Reyes, Daniel; Espy, Nicole; Chitty, Joseph A; Pratt, Catherine; Paola, Nicholas Di; Taweh, Fahn; Williams, Desmond E.; Saindon, Jon; Davis, William G.; Patel, Ketan; Holland, Mitchell Y.; Negrón, Daniel Antonio; Ströher, Ute; Nichol, Stuart T.; Sozhamannan, Shanmuga; Rollin, Pierre E.; Dogba, John B.; Nyenswah, Tolbert; Bolay, Fatorma K.; Albariño, César G.; Fallah, Mosoka; Palacios, Gustavo

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30486-4

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Lineages I-III are found Nigeria [12]: Lineage I comprises the first strain isolated in Lassa, North-Eastern Nigeria, while Lineage II has seven sub-lineages mainly distributed in Southern Nigeria, and Lineage III has five sub-lineages circulating around North-Central Nigeria (Figure 1) [17]. Lineage IV is found in Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Liberia [12] and is subdivided in two clades (IV.A and IV.B) in Liberia, with up to 25% genomic divergence from the Lassa Josiah strain widely utilized in vaccine and diagnostic assays [18]. The proposed additional lineages include: Lineage V from Mali and Cote D'Ivoire which is possibly a sub-lineage of Lineage IV, a possible sixth lineage comprising LASV "Kako" strains found in H. pamfi and related human strains from Nigeria, and the seventh proposed LASV lineage consists of strains from Togo [11,15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mismatch between the primer or probe and the template sequence has led to primer redesign and/or multiple probe use for LASV RT-PCR techniques [28]. [17,18]. The shaded areas depict administrative regions/states within LASV endemic countries, where each represented LASV lineage (II and III) or sub-lineage (IV.A and IV.B) has been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The metastable nature and extensive glycosylation is useful for humoral immunity evasion and viral fitness, complicating vaccine design efforts [36][37][38]. [17,18]. The shaded areas depict administrative regions/states within LASV endemic countries, where each represented LASV lineage (II and III) or sub-lineage (IV.A and IV.B) has been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inter-Lineage Variation of Lassa Virus Glycoprotein Epitopes: A Challenge to Lassa Virus Vaccine Development

Ibukun

2020

Viruses

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Lassa virus (LASV), which causes considerable morbidity and mortality annually, has a high genetic diversity across West Africa. LASV glycoprotein (GP) expresses this diversity, but most LASV vaccine candidates utilize only the Lineage IV LASV Josiah strain GP antigen as an immunogen and homologous challenge with Lineage IV LASV. In addition to the sequence variation amongst the LASV lineages, these lineages are also distinguished in their presentations. Inter-lineage variations within previously mapped B-cell and T-cell LASV GP epitopes and the breadth of protection in LASV vaccine/challenge studies were examined critically. Multiple alignments of the GP primary sequence of strains from each LASV lineage showed that LASV GP has diverging degrees of amino acid conservation within known epitopes among LASV lineages. Conformational B-cell epitopes spanning different sites in GP subunits were less impacted by LASV diversity. LASV GP diversity should influence the approach used for LASV vaccine design. Expression of LASV GP on viral vectors, especially in its prefusion configuration, has shown potential for protective LASV vaccines that can overcome LASV diversity. Advanced vaccine candidates should demonstrate efficacy against all LASV lineages for evidence of a pan-LASV vaccine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inter-Lineage Variation of Lassa Virus Glycoprotein Epitopes: A Challenge to Lassa Virus Vaccine Development

Ibukun

2020

Viruses

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“…Seven sublineages were distinguishable in lineage III. Lineage IV LASV, including the prototypical Josiah strain commonly used in laboratory studies, is present in Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea 21,29 . LASV lineage V is found in Mali and Ivory Coast 30,31 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Antibodies from Sierra Leonean and Nigerian Lassa fever survivors cross-react with recombinant proteins representing Lassa viruses of divergent lineages

Heinrich

Boisen

Nelson

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Lassa virus (LASV) is the causative agent of Lassa fever, an often-fatal hemorrhagic disease that is endemic in West Africa. Seven genetically distinct LASV lineages have been identified. As part of CEPI’s (Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations) Lassa vaccine development program, we assessed the potential of the human immune system to mount cross-reactive and cross-protective humoral immune responses to antigens from the most prevalent LASV lineages, which are lineages II and III in Nigeria and lineage IV in Sierra Leone. IgG and IgM present in the blood of Lassa fever survivors from Nigeria or Sierra Leone exhibited substantial cross-reactivity for binding to LASV nucleoprotein and two engineered (linked and prefusion) versions of the glycoproteins (GP) of lineages II–IV. There was less cross-reactivity for the Zinc protein. Serum or plasma from Nigerian Lassa fever survivors neutralized LASV pseudoviruses expressing lineage II GP better than they neutralized lineage III or IV GP expressing pseudoviruses. Sierra Leonean survivors did not exhibit a lineage bias. Neutralization titres determined using LASV pseudovirus assays showed significant correlation with titres determined by plaque reduction with infectious LASV. These studies provide guidance for comparison of humoral immunity to LASV of distinct lineages following natural infection or immunization.

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“…These clusters appear to be more recent than the ones observed in Faranah, Upper Guinea, and in Liberia. This last country is probably the entry point of the virus in the Mano River region [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sporadic and Lethal Lassa Fever Case in Forest Guinea, 2019

Magassouba

Koivogui

Conde

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Lassa fever is a rodent-borne disease caused by Lassa virus (LASV). It causes fever, dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, coughing, diarrhea, internal bleeding and facial edema. The disease has been known in Guinea since 1960 but only anectodical acute cases have been reported to date. In January 2019, a 35-year-old man, a wood merchant from Kissidougou, Forest Guinea, presented himself at several health centers with persistent fever, frequent vomiting and joint pain. He was repeatedly treated for severe malaria, and died three weeks later in Mamou regional hospital. Differential diagnosis identified LASV as the cause of death. No secondary cases were reported. The complete LASV genome was obtained using next-generation sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis showed that this strain, namely the Kissidougou strain, belongs to the clade IV circulating in Guinea and Sierra Leone, and is thought to have emerged some 150 years ago. Due to the similarity of symptoms with malaria, Lassa fever is still a disease that is difficult to recognize and that may remain undiagnosed in health centers in Guinea.

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Lassa virus circulating in Liberia: a retrospective genomic characterisation

Cited by 31 publications

References 29 publications

Inter-Lineage Variation of Lassa Virus Glycoprotein Epitopes: A Challenge to Lassa Virus Vaccine Development

Inter-Lineage Variation of Lassa Virus Glycoprotein Epitopes: A Challenge to Lassa Virus Vaccine Development

Antibodies from Sierra Leonean and Nigerian Lassa fever survivors cross-react with recombinant proteins representing Lassa viruses of divergent lineages

A Sporadic and Lethal Lassa Fever Case in Forest Guinea, 2019

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