Laser-Welded Steel Foils with Sapphire Substrates

Abstract

A nanosecond pulsed laser was used to weld stainless steel foils of 10 lm thickness to the sapphire substrates. The microstructure of the bonded interface was studied. Both materials were partially ablated under the influence of the laser beam. An inhomogeneous distribution of the steel and sapphire along the bonded interface is observed. The electrical resistance of the steel foil was measured before and after laser welding, showing that the weld slightly increases the electrical resistance but still keeps the values acceptable for electrical contacts

A Review on Ultrafast Laser Microwelding of Transparent Materials and Transparent Material–Metals

“…Transparent dielectric materials, such as glasses, optical crystals and sapphires, despite their inherent brittleness and susceptibility to mechanical shocks and stresses, exhibit excellent properties, such as wide spectral transmittance, heat resistance, chemical inactivity and high mechanical strength [1] and have generated significant interest in the field of optics, aerospace, communications and electronics [2][3][4][5]. However, in practical applications of these transparent hard and brittle (THB) materials, researchers are confronted with a range of joining processes for homogeneous and heterogeneous materials (i.e., THB material-THB materials and THB material-metals).…”

“…Taking joining of THB material-metals as an example, given that metals have superior machinability, ductility and high compression strength, THB material-metal hybrid components find multiple potential applications in photovoltaic devices, optical windows for weapons and equipment, and vacuum-sealed connectors [6,7]. A variety of conventional technologies for joining THB materials have been attempted including adhesive bonding [8], anodic bonding [9], solid-state bonding [10], brazing [11] and fusion welding [5]. Nevertheless, most of these methods have intrinsic limitations and shortcomings in offering reliable, solid bonds, such as contamination and aging of the binding agent, thermal mismatch, low accuracy and the necessity for high-temperature heating, which adversely impact the component performance and its operational lifetime.…”

Microstructural Characterization of Pure Titanium Treated by Laser Surface Treatment Under Different Processing Parameters

“…In addition, laser surface treatment can bring non-equilibrium systems and generation of rapid solidification microstructure in the nearsurface region, offering significant potential for near-surface properties [9,10]. Thus, many achievements on Febased alloys [11][12][13][14][15], Mg-based alloys [16,17] and Tibased alloys [18][19][20][21][22][23] have been reached. For example, laser surface treatment in argon atmosphere significantly refined the microstructure without carbides and martensite in tool steels, and the micro-hardness increases about twice as compared to the as-received sample [14].…”