Laser sintering of ceramics

Qian, Bin; Shen, Zhijian

doi:10.1016/j.jascer.2013.08.004

Cited by 134 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Ceramic additive manufacturing (AM) is now well established and has been demonstrated with several technologies including: selective laser sintering (SLS) [1,2,3], stereolithography (SLA) [4], laminated object manufacturing (LOM) [5,6], direct ink writing (DIW) [7], binder jetting [8], directed energy deposition (DED) [9] and material (paste) extrusion [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-derived SiOC replica of material extrusion-based 3-D printed plastics

Kulkarni

Sorarù

Pearce

2020

Additive Manufacturing

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A promising method for obtaining ceramic components with additive manufacturing (AM) is to use a two-step process of first printing the artifact in polymer and then converting it to ceramic using pyrolysis to form polymer derived ceramics (PDCs). AM of ceramic components using PDCs has been demonstrated with a number of high-cost techniques, but data is lacking for fused filament fabrication (FFF)-based 3-D printing. This study investigates the potential to use the lower-cost, more widespread and accessible FFF-based 3-D printing of PDCs. Low-cost FFF machines have a resolution limit set by the nozzle width, which is inferior to the resolutions obtained with expensive SLA or SLS AM systems. To match the performance a partial PDC conversion is used here, where only the outer surface of the printed polymer frame is converted to ceramic. Here the FFF-based 3-D printed sample is coated with a preceramic polymer and then it is converted into the corresponding PDC sample with a high temperature pyrolysis process. A screening experiment is performed on commercial filaments to obtain ceramic 3-D prints by surface coating both hard thermoplastics: poly lactic acid (PLA), polycarbonate (PC), nylon alloys, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and co-polyesters; and flexible materials including: flexible PLA, thermoplastic elastomer and thermoplastic polyurethane filaments. Mass and volume changes were quantified for the soaking and pyrolysis steps to form a hollow ceramic skin. All 3-D printing materials extruded at 250 microns successfully produced ceramics skins of less than 100 microns. Details on the advantages and disadvantages of the different 3-D printing polymer precursors are discussed for this processing regime. The results are analyzed and discussed in order to provide guidance for more widespread application of AM of PDCs. Graphical Abstract Highlights• Additive manufacturing of polymer derived ceramics with fused filament fabrication • Producing ceramics with hollow struts by surface coating with preceramic polymers • Creating a multi-level porous system with stable geometry • All 3-D printing materials produced ceramics skins of less than 100 microns

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-derived SiOC replica of material extrusion-based 3-D printed plastics

Kulkarni

Sorarù

Pearce

2020

Additive Manufacturing

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“…The selection of a laser must be performed having as criteria its wavelength, which must match the absorption characteristics of the corresponding material. While continuous wave CO 2 laser has a wavelength of 10.59 µm, being particularly suitable for processing ceramics, continuous wave Nd:YAG laser has a wavelength of 1.064 µm, being commonly used for processing metals …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser sintering is a rapid and versatile technique that starts with powdered materials and operates with a high‐energy beam to sinter selected areas of powder granules, sequentially sintering the powdered material layer‐by‐layer . The sintering occurs when the laser beam, which is directed by the scanning mirrors, delivers a high‐energy beam to a powder layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti6Al4V laser surface preparation and functionalization using hydroxyapatite for biomedical applications

et al. 2017

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This work presents a novel texture design for implants surface functionalization, through the creation of line-shaped textures on Ti6Al4V surfaces and subsequent sintering of hydroxyapatite (HAp) powder into the designated locations. HAp-rich locations were designed to avoid HAp detachment during insertion, thus guaranteeing an effective osseointegration. This process starts by creating textured lines using a Nd:YAG laser, filling these lines with HAp powder and sintering HAp using a CO laser. The adhesion of HAp is known to be influenced by HAp sintering parameters, especially laser power and scanning speed and also by the textured lines manufacturing. Different laser parameters combinations were used to assess the sintering and adhesion of HAp to the textured lines. HAp adhesion was assessed by performing high energy ultrasonic cavitation tests and sliding tests mimicking an implant insertion, with Ti6Al4V/HAp specimens sliding against animal bone. The HAp content retained after these tests was measured and results showed that an excellent HAp sintering and adhesion was achieved when using a scan speed of 1 mm/s and laser power between 9 and 9.6 W. It is important to emphasize that results indicated that the HAp bioactivity was maintained when using these conditions, validating this functionalization process for the production of hip prosthesis with improved bioactivity. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1534-1545, 2018.

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“…CO2 laser and Nd:YAG fiber laser are generally used in most of the SLS/M machines. In comparison to Nd:YAG fiber laser emitting at 1,070 nm, CO2 laser with wavelength of 10.6 µm is much more easier to be absorbed by most of ceramic materials, but the diameter of laser spot is much larger than that of the fiber laser [14,15]. Therefore, fiber laser is more suited for processing with higher accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Laser Sintering of Porous Silica Enabled by Carbon Additive

Chang

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of a freeform fabrication of porous ceramic parts through selective laser sintering (SLS). SLS was proposed to manufacture ceramic green parts because this additive manufacturing technique can be used to fabricate three-dimensional objects directly without a mold, and the technique has the capability of generating porous ceramics with controlled porosity. However, ceramic printing has yet fully achieved its 3D fabrication capabilities without using polymer binder. Except for the limitation of high melting point, brittleness and low thermal shock resistance from instinct ceramic material properties, the key hurdle lies on very poor absorptivity of oxide ceramics to fiber laser which is widely installed in the commercial SLS equipment. An alternative solution to overcome the poor laser absorptivity via improving material compositions was presented in this study. The positive effect of carbon additive on the absorptivity of silica powder to fiber laser will be discussed. To investigate the capabilities of the SLS process, 3D porous silica structures were successfully prepared and characterized.

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Laser sintering of ceramics

Cited by 134 publications

References 23 publications

Polymer-derived SiOC replica of material extrusion-based 3-D printed plastics

Polymer-derived SiOC replica of material extrusion-based 3-D printed plastics

Ti6Al4V laser surface preparation and functionalization using hydroxyapatite for biomedical applications

Selective Laser Sintering of Porous Silica Enabled by Carbon Additive

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