“…To create smart materials, laser modification can be carried out in several ways. Laser shock treatment is used to form gradient nanostructures in the surface layer, which is one of the methods of surface intensive plastic deformation under extreme conditions [57,58]. Laser hardening selectively heats the material's surface to enhance its hardness and wear resistance, resulting in smart materials with improved durability and resistance to wear and tear [59][60][61].…”
Section: Laser Modification For Smart Materialsmentioning
Laser processing is a versatile tool that enhances smart materials for diverse industries, allowing precise changes in material properties and customization of surface characteristics. It drives the development of smart materials with adaptive properties through laser modification, utilizing photothermal reactions and functional additives for meticulous control. These laser-processed smart materials form the foundation of 4D printing that enables dynamic shape changes depending on external influences, with significant potential in the aerospace, robotics, health care, electronics, and automotive sectors, thus fostering innovation. Laser processing also advances photonics and optoelectronics, facilitating precise control over optical properties and promoting responsive device development for various applications. The application of computer-generated diffractive optical elements (DOEs) enhances laser precision, allowing for predetermined temperature distribution and showcasing substantial promise in enhancing smart material properties. This comprehensive overview explores the applications of laser technology and nanotechnology involving DOEs, underscoring their transformative potential in the realms of photonics and optoelectronics. The growing potential for further research and practical applications in this field suggests promising prospects in the near future.
“…To create smart materials, laser modification can be carried out in several ways. Laser shock treatment is used to form gradient nanostructures in the surface layer, which is one of the methods of surface intensive plastic deformation under extreme conditions [57,58]. Laser hardening selectively heats the material's surface to enhance its hardness and wear resistance, resulting in smart materials with improved durability and resistance to wear and tear [59][60][61].…”
Section: Laser Modification For Smart Materialsmentioning
Laser processing is a versatile tool that enhances smart materials for diverse industries, allowing precise changes in material properties and customization of surface characteristics. It drives the development of smart materials with adaptive properties through laser modification, utilizing photothermal reactions and functional additives for meticulous control. These laser-processed smart materials form the foundation of 4D printing that enables dynamic shape changes depending on external influences, with significant potential in the aerospace, robotics, health care, electronics, and automotive sectors, thus fostering innovation. Laser processing also advances photonics and optoelectronics, facilitating precise control over optical properties and promoting responsive device development for various applications. The application of computer-generated diffractive optical elements (DOEs) enhances laser precision, allowing for predetermined temperature distribution and showcasing substantial promise in enhancing smart material properties. This comprehensive overview explores the applications of laser technology and nanotechnology involving DOEs, underscoring their transformative potential in the realms of photonics and optoelectronics. The growing potential for further research and practical applications in this field suggests promising prospects in the near future.
“…Together with the advanced precise control and digitalizable automation, typically the industrialization of robot and computer numerical control (CNC) systems, user-programmable automated lased-based process has been greatly developed in the past two decades. Some of these techniques [9], e.g., lasercladding (LC) [10][11][12][13][14], laser-treatment [15][16][17][18][19], and laser-shock peening (LSP) [20][21][22][23][24], have been entering industrial applications in recent years.…”
Investigations on application of laser for manufacturing and remanufacturing have been extensively progressed since its advent in 1960. The rapid development of laser technologies in the past half-century has made many laser-based direct-energy processes possible and, nowadays, most of such laser-processing techniques are about entering industrial applications. An application of laser-cladding (LC) for remanufacturing turbine blades can save the cost by over 75%. Laser treatment, on the other hand, making use of direct laser-matter interactions, has been recognized as a green surface-cleaning technique for metal alloys, which may also introduce surface integrity enhancement for additively manufactured alloys. Here, we present and discuss recent progress in laser-based process through a few typical cases that have been recently developed in our group towards advanced remanufacturing of metallic alloys, typically including LC, laser treatment, and laser-shock peening.
“…There are two main approaches to using LSP in the existing literature on the DED process: 1) LSP treatment processing after the part is completely manufactured and 2) LSP after each printed layer of the part during the DED process until the end of the DED. [7,8] The first method is easier to implement and allows flexibility in different locations. The second method is more complex and time-consuming, but it can produce higher compressive residual stress inside the part.…”
To investigate the effect of laser shock peening (LSP) on the fatigue crack propagation behavior of 316L stainless steel fabricated by directed energy deposition (DED), three‐dimensional finite element models of DED and compact tensile specimens before and after LSP are developed. The residual stress fields induced by DED and LSP are simulated, as well as the effects of different residual stresses on the stress intensity factor and effective stress ratio based on the contour integral method is also analyzed. The microstructure of the LSP region is observed by SEM. When the crack length increases from 12 mm to 22.5 mm, the average effective stress ratio of the DED specimen is 0.133, and the average effective stress ratio of the DED specimen after LSP decreases to 0.110, which decreases by 17.3%. The fatigue lives of the DED specimen before and after LSP are 62.7% and 105.2% of that of the hot‐rolled plate. After LSP treatment, the fatigue life of the DED specimen is increased by about 1.68 times. The fracture morphology in the transient fracture zone changes from ductile and brittle mixed fracture to ductile fracture.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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