Laser Scanning Based Surface Flatness Measurement Using Flat Mirrors for Enhancing Scan Coverage Range

Li, Fangxin; Li, Heng; Kim, Minkoo; Lo, King Chi

doi:10.3390/rs13040714

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The area scanning system [ 11 ] projects grating, fringe, speckle, and other patterns onto the measured surface. In general, more measurement points can be obtained at one time than line scanning.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address this issue, some related parameters, such as color and light source, that might affect the scanning measurement results have been studied [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. In some typical applications, such as the influence of reflectance in the laser 3D scanning of weld grooves proposed by Andrej Cibicik et al [ 14 ], the change in reflectance produced more noise point cloud data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Analysis on the Effect of Surface Reflectance for Laser 3D Scanner Calibrator

Gan

et al. 2022

Micromachines

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The calibrator is one of the most important factors in the calibration of various laser 3D scanning instruments. The requirements for the diffuse reflection surface are emphasized in many national standards. In this study, spherical calibrator and plane calibrator comparative measurement experiments were carried out. The black ceramic standard sphere, white ceramic standard sphere, metal standard sphere, metal standard plane, and white ceramic standard plane were used to test the laser 3D scanner. In the spherical calibrator comparative measurement experiments, the results indicate that the RMS of the white ceramic spherical calibrator with a reflectance of approximately 60% is 10 times that of the metal spherical calibrator with the reflectance of approximately 15%, and the RMS of the black ceramic spherical calibrator with reflectance of approximately 11% is of the same order as the metal spherical calibrator. In the plane calibrators comparative measurement experiments, the RMS of the flatness measurement is 0.077 mm for the metal plane calibrator with a reflectance of 15%, and 2.915 mm for ceramic plane calibrator with a reflectance of 60%. The results show that when the optimal measurement distance and incident angle are selected, the reflectance of the calibrator has a great effect on the measurement results, regardless of the outlines or profiles. Based on the experiments, it is recommended to use the spherical calibrator or the standard plane with a reflectance of around 18% as the standard, which can obtain reasonable results. In addition, it is necessary to clearly provide the material category and surface reflectance information of the standard when calibrating the scanner according to the measurement standard.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis on the Effect of Surface Reflectance for Laser 3D Scanner Calibrator

Gan

et al. 2022

Micromachines

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“…Point scanning system is commonly found in MV330/350 LASER RADAR produced by Nikon, Japan, which uses a ranging technology of frequency modulation coherent LIDAR technology [17], and ATS600 absolute tracker and various ground-based laser scanner produced by Leica, Germany. The area scanning system [11] projects grating, moire fringe, speckle and other different patterns onto the measured surface. In general, more measurement points can be obtained at one time than line scanning.…”

Section: Principle Of Laser Scanning Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Facing this issue, some related parameters, such as color and light source that might affect the scanning measurement results, have been studied in reference [11][12][13]. In some typical applications, such as the influence of reflectance in laser 3D scanning of weld groove proposed by Andrej Cibicik et al [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis on the Effect of Surface Reflectance for Laser 3D Scanner Calibrator

Ou¹,

Xu²,

Gan³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The calibrator is one of the most important factors in the calibration of various laser 3D scanning instruments. The requirements for diffuse reflection surface are specially emphasized in many national standards. In this study, the spherical calibrator and plane calibrator compara-tive measurement experiments were carried out. The black ceramic standard sphere, white ce-ramic standard sphere, metal standard sphere, metal standard plane and white ceramic standard plane were used to test the laser 3D scanner. In the spherical calibrators comparative measure-ment experiments, the results indicated that the RMS of the white ceramic spherical calibrator with reflectance about 60% is 10 times that of the metal spherical calibrator with the reflectance of about 15%, and the RMS of the black ceramic spherical calibrator with reflectance of about 11% is of the same order as the metal spherical calibrator. In the plane calibrators comparative measurement experiments, the RMS of flatness measurement is 0.077 mm for metal plane cali-brator with reflectance of 15%, and 2.915 mm for ceramic plane calibrator with reflectance of 60%. The results show that when the optimal measurement distance and incident angle are selected, the reflectance of the calibrator has a great effect on the measurement results, regardless of the outlines or profiles. Based on the experiments, it is recommended to use the spherical calibrator or the standard plane with reflectance of around 18% as the standard, which can obtain the rea-sonable results. In addition, it is necessary to clearly provide the material category and surface reflectance information of the standard when calibrating the scanner according to the measure-ment standard.

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“…The most researched topics related to surface quality inspection can be grouped into flatness assessment and structural damage identification. In general, there are two common methods for surface flatness inspection that can be found in previous studies: (1) following quantitative indexes defined in relevant standards such as the F-numbers method [ 163 , 172 ]; or (2) setting up a reference plane and calculating the deviations between surface points and the reference plane [ 162 , 170 ]. On the other hand, the majority of papers on structural damage identification are focused on surface cracks [ 89 , 98 , 99 , 104 , 144 , 171 , 174 , 175 ], spalling [ 75 , 89 ], corrosion [ 161 ], water leakage [ 173 ], and concrete loss [ 160 , 166 ].…”

Section: Research Topics Related To Tls In the Aec Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry

Yuan

Yang

et al. 2021

Sensors

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As a revolutionary technology, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is attracting increasing interest in the fields of architecture, engineering and construction (AEC), with outstanding advantages, such as highly automated, non-contact operation and efficient large-scale sampling capability. TLS has extended a new approach to capturing extremely comprehensive data of the construction environment, providing detailed information for further analysis. This paper presents a systematic review based on scientometric and qualitative analysis to summarize the progress and the current status of the topic and to point out promising research efforts. To begin with, a brief understanding of TLS is provided. Following the selection of relevant papers through a literature search, a scientometric analysis of papers is carried out. Then, major applications are categorized and presented, including (1) 3D model reconstruction, (2) object recognition, (3) deformation measurement, (4) quality assessment, and (5) progress tracking. For widespread adoption and effective use of TLS, essential problems impacting working effects in application are summarized as follows: workflow, data quality, scan planning, and data processing. Finally, future research directions are suggested, including: (1) cost control of hardware and software, (2) improvement of data processing capability, (3) automatic scan planning, (4) integration of digital technologies, (5) adoption of artificial intelligence.

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Laser Scanning Based Surface Flatness Measurement Using Flat Mirrors for Enhancing Scan Coverage Range

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Comparative Analysis on the Effect of Surface Reflectance for Laser 3D Scanner Calibrator

Comparative Analysis on the Effect of Surface Reflectance for Laser 3D Scanner Calibrator

Comparative Analysis on the Effect of Surface Reflectance for Laser 3D Scanner Calibrator

Application of Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry

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