Laser Processing of KBr‐Modified SnO₂ for Efficient Rigid and Flexible Ambient‐Processed Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

A combination of KBr modification and laser processing is utilized to prepare SnO2 films for rigid and flexible perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The KBr modification effectively passivates the defects at the interface between SnO2 and perovskite as well as grain boundaries of the perovskite film. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.14% is achieved with the KBr‐modified SnO2 for the rigid PSCs fabricated under a relative humidity of around 65–75%, compared to the pristine SnO2 films with a PCE of 18.66%. Then, a picosecond ultraviolet laser is employed to process KBr‐modified SnO2 films on flexible substrates with a rapid scanning rate of 100 mm s−1. The laser process improves the PCEs and durability of the PSCs. The flexible PSCs fabricated by the laser remain over 80% of their initial PCEs after 1000 bending cycles, higher than those fabricated by the hot plate showing 40% of their initial PCEs after the same bending cycles.

Laser processing of Li-doped mesoporous TiO2 for ambient-processed mesoscopic perovskite solar cells

“…We use ethyl acetate as a green antisolvent to facilitate crystallisation of the perovskite layers in a one-step deposition process, as reported in our previous works. [32][33][34] Fig. 1a shows a schematic structure of the PSCs: ITO-glass/ c-TiO 2 /m-TiO 2 /perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au.…”

“…The c-TiO 2 and m-TiO 2 films were prepared and spin-coated according to the procedures detailed in our previous studies. 32,33 The films were then annealed in a muffle furnace with a temperature of 500 1C for 30 min. For Li-doped m-TiO 2 , deionised water was used to dissolve various amounts of Li 2 CO 3 to obtain the Li-salt solution with varied concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mg mL À1 ).…”

Multifunctional Organic Salt Regulated SnO2 Electron Transport Layer/Perovskite Interface for High Air‐Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

“…[29] The diffused K þ ions could passivate defects of the PVK absorber layer. [29,30] The interaction mechanism of SPS modification is shown in Figure 1b.…”

Multifunctional Aminoglycoside Antibiotics Modified SnO2 Enabling High Efficiency and Mechanical Stability Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Above investigation found that STRS‐SnO 2 can absorb more strain energy than SnO 2 itself and thus is expected to enable a highly efficient and mechanically stable F‐PSC. [ 72,73 ]…”

“…Above investigation found that STRS-SnO 2 can absorb more strain energy than SnO 2 itself and thus is expected to enable a highly efficient and mechanically stable F-PSC. [72,73] F-PSCs with an architecture of PET/ITO/SnO 2 /perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag were fabricated to investigate their photovoltaic performance and mechanical flexibility, as shown in Figure 9a. A champion F-PSC made with STRS additive in ETL (active area 0.09 cm 2 ) remarkably achieves a PCE of 20.79% with V oc of 1.168 V, J sc of 22.289 mA cm −2, and FF of 0.798 (Figure 9b).…”