Laser processing of in situ TiN/Ti composite coating on titanium

Clinical significance of three-dimensional printed biomaterials and biomedical devices

“…Methods such as PBF and DED play a large role in this because they enable patient-specific geometry, controlled open-cell and interconnected porosity, and functional gradation from one material to another to increase implant osseointegration. 2,7,8 Investigations of porous structures produced via PBF show that their properties are largely dependent on the relative density of the final structure, the cell topology, the strut shape, and size distribution, as well as the mechanical properties of the base material (see Table II for some examples of these structures, 8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] as well as Figure 2b-d 6,16,18 ). The inherent challenge with creating these features is that the strut size varies along the length due to the powder-bed support during processing.…”

Influence of boron nitride on reinforcement to improve high temperature oxidation resistance of titanium

“…Fast cooling rates arise from low laser residence time, quenching by the substrate and laser scan speed when producing samples via any directed energy laser processing method [28], [36], [37]. LENS™ fabrication has been reported to exhibit cooling rates on the order of 10 3 -10 5 K·s −1 [38]. Fast cooling rates favor finer needle-like microstructure i.e., analogous to the martensitic microstructure of many metals when quenched [28], [37], [39]–[41].…”

An Investigation on the Surface Austempering of Ductile Cast Iron

“…Today, many investigations performed to study and improve surface properties of metal and alloys components such as corrosion, wear and fatigue of different materials (Asif et al 2001;Ghazali 2006;Sahasrabudhe et al 2016). Surface hardening or case hardening is an useful process for modification of surface layer properties.…”