Laser photo-thermal therapy of epithelial carcinoma using pterin-6-carboxylic acid conjugated gold nanoparticles

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles functionalized with folic acid toward the internalization into cancer cells have received considerable attention recently. Folic acid is recognized by folate receptors, which are overexpressed in several cancer cells; it is limited in normal cells. In this work, pterin-6-carboxylic acid is proposed as an agonist of folic acid since the pterin-6-carboxylic acid structure has a pterin moiety, the same as folic acid that is recognized by the folate receptor. Here a simple photochemical synthesis of gold nanoparticles functionalized with pterin-6-carboxylic acid is studied. These conjugates were used to cause photothermal damage of HeLa cells irradiating with a diode laser of 808 nm. Pterin-6-carboxylic acid-conjugated gold nanoparticles caused the death of the cell after near-infrared irradiation, dose-dependently. These results indicate a possible internalization of AuNPs via folate receptor-mediated endocytosis due to the recognition or interaction between the folate receptors of HeLa cells and pterin, P6CA.

CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF MOSS HERPETINEURON TOCCOAE (SULL. & LESQ.) CARDOT USING GC-MS ANALYSIS

“…The compounds 1,7-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl) cyclodecane (Kim et al, 2013), 2-Hexyl-1octanol (Feng et al, 2015), 8-Octadecenal (Anjali et al, 2019), 5-Octadecenal (Ismail et al, 2013), 1-Hexadecanol, 2-methyl-(Odiase-Omoighe et al, 2022, Ethyl isoallocholate (Abubakar et al, 2016), 1-Heptatriacotanol (Abubacker et al, 2014), Cyclopropanedodecanoic acid, 2-octyl-, methyl ester (Al-Marzoqi et al, 2015) and Oleic acid, 3-(octadecyloxy) propyl ester (Abubacker et al, 2014) have been reported for their anti-microbial properties. The compounds showing anti-inflammatory properties such as 1,7-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl) cyclodecane (Kim et al, 2013), 1-Hexadecanol, 2-methyl- (Kassab et al, 2019), trans-13-Octadecenoic acid , 8-Octadecenal (Anjali et al ., 2019), 5-Octadecenal (Ismail et al, 2013), 17-Pentatriacontene (Bertel et al, 2021), Octadecane, 3-ethyl-5-(2-ethylbutyl)- (Bashir et al, 2012) and Ethyl iso-allocholate (Abubakar et al, 2016) were also found to be present in the plant extract. Moreover, the compound cis-11-Eicosenoic acid has been used as raw material for medical supplies and cosmetic industry (Kalaiarasan et al, 2011).…”

“…The identified bioactive compounds possess various biological activities, which have significant use in pharmaceutical studies such as Pterin-6-carboxylic acid (Brintha et al, 2017), 17-Pentatriacontene (Bertel et al, 2021) and Cholestan-3-one, cyclic 1,2ethanediyl aetal, (5aì)- (Al-Marzoqi et al, 2015) shows anti-cancerous activities. The compounds 1,7-Dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl) cyclodecane (Kim et al, 2013), 2-Hexyl-1octanol (Feng et al, 2015), 8-Octadecenal (Anjali et al, 2019), 5-Octadecenal (Ismail et al, 2013), 1-Hexadecanol, 2-methyl-(Odiase-Omoighe et al, 2022, Ethyl isoallocholate (Abubakar et al, 2016), 1-Heptatriacotanol (Abubacker et al, 2014), Cyclopropanedodecanoic acid, 2-octyl-, methyl ester (Al-Marzoqi et al, 2015) and Oleic acid, 3-(octadecyloxy) propyl ester (Abubacker et al, 2014) have been reported for their anti-microbial properties.…”

Bio-Inorganic Layered Double Hydroxide Nanohybrids in Photochemotherapy: A Mini Review

“…One of the most promising therapies, namely, phototherapy [ 5 , 6 , 7 ], has negligible side effects because of high selectivity and can be used to treat even deep-rooted tumors easily, such as liver tumors [ 8 ]. Phototherapy mainly consists of two types of therapies, namely, photothermal therapy (PTT) [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], which converts light to therapeutic heat energy, and photodynamic therapy (PDT) [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], which converts light to therapeutic reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 15 ]. With the recent advances in nanotechnology, these therapeutic strategies are often combined to improve the overall efficacy of phototherapy.…”