Laser-induced trapping of chlorine molecules with pico- and femtosecond pulses

Schmidt, M.; Normand, D.; Cornaggia, C.

doi:10.1103/physreva.50.5037

Cited by 162 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…4512-4521, 1999-06- Highly charged molecular ions are generated in Coulomb explosion experiments involving multielectron dissociative ionization, but little is known about the precise mechanisms involved in their formation. To help improve the understanding of such experiments, potential energy curves are calculated in this paper for diatomic chlorine (Cl 2 ) and its ions Cl 2 nϩ , where nϭ1, 2,3,4,6,8,10. Bound vibrational states are obtained in three low-lying electronic states for Cl 2 2ϩ and one state for Cl 2 3ϩ .…”

Section: Nrc Publications Archive Archives Des Publications Du Cnrcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation of molecular chlorine in a Coulomb explosion: Potential curves, bound states, and deviation from Coulombic behavior forCl2n+ (n=2

et al. 1999

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Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at Vous avez des questions? Nous pouvons vous aider. Pour communiquer directement avec un auteur, consultez la première page de la revue dans laquelle son article a été publié afin de trouver ses coordonnées. Si vous n'arrivez pas à les repérer, communiquez avec nous à PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. Dissociation of molecular chlorine in a Coulomb Questions? Contact the NRC Publications Archive team atPublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. If you wish to email the authors directly, please see the first page of the publication for their contact information. NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.59.4512Physical Review A, 59, 6, pp. 4512-4521, 1999-06- Highly charged molecular ions are generated in Coulomb explosion experiments involving multielectron dissociative ionization, but little is known about the precise mechanisms involved in their formation. To help improve the understanding of such experiments, potential energy curves are calculated in this paper for diatomic chlorine (Cl 2 ) and its ions Cl 2 nϩ , where nϭ1, 2,3,4,6,8,10. Bound vibrational states are obtained in three low-lying electronic states for Cl 2 2ϩ and one state for Cl 2 3ϩ . Vertical excitation energies are given for stepwise excitations up to Cl 2 10ϩ . For all the ions examined there is a significant energy defect (⌬) from the corresponding Coulomb potential, in one case reaching magnitudes of over 20 eV. We analyze the origin of these energy defects in terms of residual chemical bonding, and discuss the contribution of strongly bonding configurations at short internuclear distance. Finally, we present a simple physical model which describes the qualitative behavior of ⌬(R,Q).

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Section: Nrc Publications Archive Archives Des Publications Du Cnrcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation of molecular chlorine in a Coulomb explosion: Potential curves, bound states, and deviation from Coulombic behavior forCl2n+ (n=2

et al. 1999

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“…Experiments with molecules display a much richer range of phenomena than with atoms, due to the additional molecular degrees of freedom [1,2,3]. These include above threshold ionization [4,5], multiple ionization [6,7], alignment effects [8], electron localization [9], non-sequential double ionization [10], direct excitation [11], stabilization [12], dissociative recombination [13], and separation effects [14]. However, molecules (even the simplest diatomic molecules) and their ionization are clearly more difficult to treat theoretically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple soluble molecular ionization model

Dunne

Gauthier

2004

Phys. Rev. A

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We present a simple exact analytical solution, using the Weyl-Titchmarsh-Kodaira spectral theorem, for the spectral function of the one-dimensional diatomic molecule model consisting of two attractive delta function wells in the presence of a static external electric field. For sufficiently deep and far apart wells, this molecule supports both an even and an odd state, and the introduction of a static electric field turns these bound states into quasi-bound states which are Stark shifted and broadened. The continuum spectrum also inherits an intricate pattern of resonances which reflect the competition between resonant scattering between the two atomic wells and between the linear potential and one or both atomic well(s). All results are analytic and can be easily plotted. The relation between the large orders of the divergent perturbative Stark shift series and the non-perturbative widths of quasi-bound levels is studied.

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“…One of the most striking manifestations of this effect is enhanced ionization (EI) [27,28], where at a critical internuclear distance R c the ionization rate is strongly enhanced as compared to that at the equilibrium internuclear distance or that at an internuclear distance much larger than R c . By the development of the concept of enhanced ionization it became possible to explain the reason why the kinetic energy of fragment ions recorded by Coulomb explosion imaging was considerably lower than the kinetic energy expected, when the Coulomb explosion takes place at the equilibrium position of the ground state electronic potential energy surface of the neutral parent molecule [29][30][31][32][33]. Since then, the EI mechanism has been investigated extensively for diatomic molecules, e.g., [34][35][36][37], as well as for triatomic molecules [38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of proton dynamics in efficient photoionization of hydrocarbon molecules

et al. 2014

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We experimentally investigate the ionization mechanism behind the formation of remarkably high charge states observed in the laser-pulse-induced fragmentation of different hydrocarbon molecules by Roither et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 163001 (2011)], who suggested enhanced ionization occurring at multiple C-H bonds as the underlying ionization mechanism. Using multiparticle coincidence momentum imaging we measure the yield of multiply charged fragmenting ethylene and acetylene molecules at several intensities and pulse durations ranging from the few-cycle regime to 25 fs. We observe, at constant intensity, a strong increase of the proton energy with increasing laser pulse duration. It is shown that this is caused by a strong increase in the yield of highly charged parent molecular ions with pulse duration. Based on experimental evidence we explain this increase by the necessary population of precursor states in the parent ion that feature fast C-H stretch dynamics to the critical internuclear distance, where efficient ionization via enhanced ionization takes place. For increasing pulse duration these precursor ionic states are more efficiently populated, which leads in turn to a higher enhanced-ionization probability for longer pulses. Our work provides experimental evidence for the existence of a multiple-bond version of enhanced ionization in polyatomic molecules.

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Laser-induced trapping of chlorine molecules with pico- and femtosecond pulses

Cited by 162 publications

References 19 publications

Dissociation of molecular chlorine in a Coulomb explosion: Potential curves, bound states, and deviation from Coulombic behavior forCl2n+ (n=2

Dissociation of molecular chlorine in a Coulomb explosion: Potential curves, bound states, and deviation from Coulombic behavior forCl2n+ (n=2

Simple soluble molecular ionization model

Role of proton dynamics in efficient photoionization of hydrocarbon molecules

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