Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for simultaneous determination of lighter lanthanides in actinide matrix in aqueous medium

Maity, Ujjwal Kumar; Manoravi, P.; Joseph, Mathew; Sivaraman, N.

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2022.106393

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Much of the LIBS research for reprocessing applications has included measurements of lanthanide fission products and impurities. 300,[307][308][309][310][311][312][313] LIBS spectra of lanthanides typically exhibit thousands of emission lines, which provide a wealth of possible lines to choose from but also generate significant spectral interference issues due to the substantial broadening of these closely spaced lines characterizing the LA plasma. Many studies have focused on measuring several lanthanides simultaneously to identify key peaks of interest that exhibit minimal spectral interference.…”

Section: Used Nuclear Fuel Disposal and Reprocessingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Ablation Plasmas and Spectroscopy for Nuclear Applications

Kwapis,

Borrero,

Latty

et al. 2023

Appl Spectrosc

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The development of measurement methodologies to detect and monitor nuclear-relevant materials remains a consistent and significant interest across the nuclear energy, nonproliferation, safeguards, and forensics communities. Optical spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas is becoming an increasingly popular diagnostic technique to measure radiological and nuclear materials in the field without sample preparation, where current capabilities encompass the standoff, isotopically resolved and phase-identifiable (e.g., UO and UO[Formula: see text]) detection of elements across the periodic table. These methods rely on the process of laser ablation (LA), where a high-powered pulsed laser is used to excite a sample (solid, liquid, or gas) into a luminous microplasma that rapidly undergoes de-excitation through the emission of electromagnetic radiation, which serves as a spectroscopic fingerprint for that sample. This review focuses on LA plasmas and spectroscopy for nuclear applications, covering topics from the wide-area environmental sampling and atmospheric sensing of radionuclides to recent implementations of multivariate machine learning methods that work to enable the real-time analysis of spectrochemical measurements with an emphasis on fundamental research and development activities over the past two decades. Background on the physical breakdown mechanisms and interactions of matter with nanosecond and ultrafast laser pulses that lead to the generation of laser-produced microplasmas is provided, followed by a description of the transient spatiotemporal plasma conditions that control the behavior of spectroscopic signatures recorded by analytical methods in atomic and molecular spectroscopy. High-temperature chemical and thermodynamic processes governing reactive LA plasmas are also examined alongside investigations into the condensation pathways of the plasma, which are believed to serve as chemical surrogates for fallout particles formed in nuclear fireballs. Laser-supported absorption waves and laser-induced shockwaves that accompany LA plasmas are also discussed, which could provide insights into atmospheric ionization phenomena from strong shocks following nuclear detonations. Furthermore, the standoff detection of trace radioactive aerosols and fission gases is reviewed in the context of monitoring atmospheric radiation plumes and off-gas streams of molten salt reactors. Finally, concluding remarks will present future outlooks on the role of LA plasma spectroscopy in the nuclear community.

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Section: Used Nuclear Fuel Disposal and Reprocessingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Ablation Plasmas and Spectroscopy for Nuclear Applications

Kwapis,

Borrero,

Latty

et al. 2023

Appl Spectrosc

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“…LIBS was used to detect lanthanides (La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Sm) in an aqueous actinide matrix , with results presented for detection limit, accuracy, precision, calibration plot and results on identifying non-overlapping peaks. 202 An in-house designed sample cell was used to analyse samples of <1 mL, which is advantageous for reducing sample usage and analyst exposure.…”

Section: Inorganic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

Carter¹,

Clough

Fisher

et al. 2022

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…Another method for direct burn-up determination of fast reactor fuels was established in our laboratory without prior chemical separations by using three different techniques, namely laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), 9 laser ionization mass spectrometry (LIMS) 10 and multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS). Samples in the form of solution were analyzed by LIBS and LIMS, whereas three different sampling methods, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overall procedure is time consuming and tedious, generates a considerable amount of radioactive liquid waste and causes high radiation exposure to the operating personnel. [6][7][8] Another method for direct burn-up determination of fast reactor fuels was established in our laboratory without prior chemical separations by using three different techniques, namely laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), 9 laser ionization mass spectrometry (LIMS) 10 and multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS). Samples in the form of solution were analyzed by LIBS and LIMS, whereas three different sampling methods, e.g., direct solution, 5,10 pulsed laser deposition of solid samples followed by dissolution 11 and direct laser ablation of solid samples, 2 were employed for MC-ICPMS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%