Laser-induced backward transfer of nanoimprinted polymer elements

Feinaeugle, Matthias; Heath, Daniel J.; Mills, B.; Grant-Jacob, James; Mashanovich, Goran Z.; Eason, R.W.

doi:10.1007/s00339-016-9953-6

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It was assumed that the use of such a scheme would lead to the appearance of microstructures on the back surface of the quartz plate in the form of a kind of "print". Previously, similar structures were formed in polyimide films [24,25].…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 57%

Laser-Induced Microstructuring of Polymers in Gaseous, Liquid and Supercritical Media

et al. 2021

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New results are presented for laser formation—in particular, the “drawing” of microstructures in polymer films using continuous-wave (CW) laser radiation λ = 405 nm with an intensity of 0.8–3.7 kW/cm2. The laser drawing was carried out in the polymer system poly-2,2′-p-oxydiphenylene-5,5′-bis-benzimidazole (OPBI), which consists of two phases: a solid polymer matrix with formic acid (HCOOH) dissolved in it. The formation of microstructures, including the stage of foaming, was carried out in three media: air, water and a supercritical carbon dioxide medium containing dissolved molecules of the silver precursor Ag(hfac)COD. The morphological features of foam-like track structures formed in the near-surface layer of the polymer films by laser “drawing” are considered. A model of processes is presented that explains the appearance of periodic structures. The key point of this model is that it considers the participation of the photoinduced mechanism of explosive boiling of formic acid molecules dissolved in the polymer matrix. Using Raman spectroscopy, spectra were obtained and interpreted, which relate to different stages in the formation of microstructures in OPBI films. The effects associated with the peculiarities of luminescent microstructures on the surfaces of glasses in close contact with polymer films during laser “painting” in the air have been studied.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 57%

Laser-Induced Microstructuring of Polymers in Gaseous, Liquid and Supercritical Media

et al. 2021

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“…both additive [185][186][187][188][189] and subtractive [190][191][192][193][194] laser-based manufacturing.…”

Section: Deep Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lasers that learn: The interface of laser machining and machine learning

Mills

Grant-Jacob

2021

IET Optoelectronics

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Laser machining is a highly flexible non-contact fabrication method used extensively across academia and industry. Whilst simulations based on fundamental understanding offer some insight into the processes, both the highly non-linear interactions between laser light and matter and the variety of materials involved mean that theoretical modelling is not particularly applicable to practical experimentation. However, recent breakthroughs in machine learning have resulted in neural networks that are capable of accurate and rapid modelling of laser machining at a scale, speed, and precision well beyond those of existing theoretical approaches with applications including 3-D surface visualisation and real-time error correction. A perspective at the intersection of laser machining and machine learning is presented, followed by a discussion of future milestones and challenges for this field.10 steps each, that corresponds to a total of 10^5 experimental trials. Because of the often highly non-linear relationships amongst parameters, the standard practice is generally the systematic collection of laser-machining data for all parameter combinations to identify the optimal combination. However, this process is both time-consuming and unfocussed and can take days or weeks, hence costing unnecessary effort, time, and money. Even when the optimal parameters have been determined, small changes during manufacturing, for example in laser power or beam shape, can result in final product quality that is below the required standard, again with associated costs in time and money. What is needed, therefore, is a set of modelling methodologies for identifying optimal parameters and providing real-time monitoring and error correction during manufacturing.However, the processes that describe laser machining, such as the light-matter interaction, heat conduction, phase change of material, and material removal, are particularly complex and hence challenging to model precisely and directly from a theoretical standpoint. The exact details of these processes depend on many factors, including laser parameters (e.g. wavelength, fluence, and pulse length), associated diffraction effects, and sample properties (e.g. absorption, reflectivity, melting temperature, and ablation threshold). In addition, different interaction effects become dominant as the temporal interaction length varies from continuous wave to ultrafast (i.e. femtosecondThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…The laser ablation of the coatings was performed using the laser-machining center equipped with the solidstate pulsed optical fiber Laser 600 GF by Agie Charmilles with the output power of 50 W and the pulse length of 90 ns [20][21][22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of laser ablation for formation of discontinuous (discrete) wear-resistant coatings formed on solid carbide cutting tool by electron beam alloying and vacuum-arc deposition

Волосова

Grigoriev

Ostrikov

2016

Mechanics & Industry

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-A technological process of solid carbide cutting tool surface treatment by selective laser ablation of wear-resistant coating is described. Discontinuous coating is achieved by laser ablation of pre-deposited complex coating, formed by NbHfTi electron beam alloying with subsequent vacuum arc (TiAl)N coating. It is shown that this treatment helps to slow down the wearing process of cutting inserts on their rake and flank surfaces, thus increasing the tool lifetime.

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Laser-induced backward transfer of nanoimprinted polymer elements

Cited by 24 publications

References 22 publications

Laser-Induced Microstructuring of Polymers in Gaseous, Liquid and Supercritical Media

Laser-Induced Microstructuring of Polymers in Gaseous, Liquid and Supercritical Media

Lasers that learn: The interface of laser machining and machine learning

Use of laser ablation for formation of discontinuous (discrete) wear-resistant coatings formed on solid carbide cutting tool by electron beam alloying and vacuum-arc deposition

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