Laser-driven acceleration of a dense matter up to ‘thermonuclear’ velocities

Gus'kov, Sergei Yu; Azechi, H.; Demchenko, N. N.; Demchenko, V. V.; Doskoch, Igor Ya.; Murakami, M.; Nagatomo, Hideo; Rozanov, V. B.; Sakaiya, Shogo; Stepanov, R. V.; Змитренко, Н. В.

doi:10.1088/0741-3335/49/10/007

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Nonetheless, these implosion velocities are 3-4 times smaller than those required to heat the plasma to thermonuclear temperatures under simple impact. Stable acceleration of the dense material of a thin plastic foil to a velocity of 500 or even 1000 km s −1 has been demonstrated experimentally [20,30,31] and theoretically justified in numerical simulations [71].…”

Section: Modified Design At Lower Impact Velocitiesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Impact ignition as a track to laser fusion

et al. 2014

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In impact ignition, the compressed deuterium–tritium main fuel is ignited by impact with a separately imploded portion of fuel, which is accelerated in a hollow conical target to hyperspeeds of the order of 1000 km s−1. Its kinetic energy is directly converted into thermal energy corresponding to an ignition temperature of about 5 keV upon collision with the compressed fuel. The ignitor shell is irradiated by nanosecond pulses at intensities of between 1015 and 1016 W cm−2 with a wavelength of 0.25–0.35 µm, resulting in ablation pressures of several hundred mega-bars. Hydrodynamics-dominated physics and avoidance of ultra-intense petawatt lasers are notable features of this scheme. Experimental results for velocities exceeding 1000 km s−1, ion temperatures up to 3 keV, and neutron yield increases of 100-fold due to the impact effect indicate the potential of impact ignition for fusion energy production. The overall performance of impact ignition is reviewed with new analyses on the neutron yield and shell acceleration.

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Section: Modified Design At Lower Impact Velocitiesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Impact ignition as a track to laser fusion

et al. 2014

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“…Thus, impact-produced plasmas occur in all the matter of the impactor and in the part of the target with a thickness determined by equation (7). The energy balance can be calculated from equations ( 1) and ( 5) for the pressure and velocity behind the shock wave fronts.…”

Section: Dynamic Model Of Impact-driven Shock Waves and Impact Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The density of a planar projectile that is accelerated by a laser pulse with a non-profiled intensity decreases as a result of thermally expanding through a free boundary. For the Gekko/HIPER impact experiments, theoretical investigation and numerical simulations [7] predict that the final density of a laser-accelerated projectile should be less than the initial one by a factor of 3-10. Thus, according to equations (18) and (19), for the Gekko/HIPER experiments the equilibrium temperature T m and the temperature relaxation time τ m of the impactor are predicted to be substantially larger than the analogous values T t and τ t of the target by factors of 3-10 and 5-30, respectively.…”

Section: Impact-produced Plasma Statementioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact-driven shock waves and thermonuclear neutron generation

Gus’kov

Azechi

Demchenko

et al. 2009

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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Impact-driven shock waves, thermonuclear plasma and neutron yield were investigated. The results of 2D numerical simulations and Gekko/HIPER laser experiments on the collision of a laser-accelerated disk-projectile with a massive target, both containing (CD) n -material, are discussed. A two-temperature model of the non-equilibrium plasma created by impact-driven shock waves due to the collision of a laser-accelerated planar projectile with a massive target was developed and used for analysis of the numerical and experimental results. The model defines the characteristics of shock waves and plasmas (including their lifetime) as well as neutron yields in both the colliding objects as functions of velocity, density and mass of the projectile-impactor just before collision. The neutron yield generated during the period of laser-driven acceleration of the impactor was also determined.Two effects were discovered that exert a substantial influence on the plasma parameters and neutron yield. The first of them relates to the formation of the pre-impact state of the impactor. It decreases the projectile density due to thermal expansion of its matter through a free boundary during the period of laser-driven acceleration. The other relates to the formation of impact-produced plasma. Predominant heating of the ion component of plasma leads to the existence of a non-equilibrium two-temperature plasma during the period of electron-ion relaxation.

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“…Impact ignition is a proposed design with a similar geometry as the fast ignition design. [4] This ignition scheme follows the initial idea put forward by Winterberg to ignite fusion reactions. Winterberg achieved fuel compression by the momentum transfer of the solid accelerated projectile so that if a solid particle with a velocity higher than 10 7 cm/s collides with a target containing dense thermonuclear material, a shock wave is created, and subsequently, high temperatures in the order of 10 7 K would be produced.…”

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confidence: 99%

Deuterium‐tritium fuel impact ignition in the presence of degenerate plasma

Pourhosseini

Ghasemizad

Rezaei

et al. 2021

Contributions to Plasma Physics

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The impact ignition model is proposed based on the collision of a deuterium-tritium (DT) layer accelerated to high velocities in a conical target.Simple mechanism, low cost, high coupling efficiency, and lack of the need for Petawatt laser pulses are the prominent advantages of this model. However, an increase in the productivity of this ignition mechanism is an important issue. In this regard, in this paper, the idea of impact ignition using the plasma degeneracy mechanism has been investigated. For this purpose, first, the ignition energy gain and stopping power of the DT beam in pure and impure fuels, by employing both degenerate and non-degenerate plasmas, have been examined numerically. Then, in order to assess the penetration depth and range of the incident beam, simulations have been carried out using a three-dimensional (3D) Monte Carlo code for two states of degenerate and non-degenerate pre-compressed pure fuel. The results imply that the state of degeneracy causes an increase by about 63% in the energy gain of impact ignition. In addition, the degeneracy condition leads to an approximate enhancement of 60% in the energy deposition of the pure fuel and about 67% for the impure fuel, with a mixed density ratio of 1.5%; therefore, the range and penetration depth decrease significantly in comparison to the non-degenerate one. This can be indicative of the increasing efficiency of impact ignition conditions in the presence of degenerate plasma. The results of the range for the pure fuel have also been confirmed by a 3D Monte Carlo simulation code. K E Y W O R D Sdegenerate plasma, DT layer, impact ignition, penetration depth, stopping power INTRODUCTIONAlong with new research on inertial confinement fusion (ICF), particular attention is paid to inertial fusion methods with more stable implosion and a lower ignition threshold, with a higher energy gain in lower driver energies compared to central spark ignition. This has led to the design of new ideas such as fast ignition, [1] shock ignition, [2] and impact ignition for ICF. [3]

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Laser-driven acceleration of a dense matter up to ‘thermonuclear’ velocities

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Impact ignition as a track to laser fusion

Impact ignition as a track to laser fusion

Impact-driven shock waves and thermonuclear neutron generation

Deuterium‐tritium fuel impact ignition in the presence of degenerate plasma

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