Laser diode to single-mode fiber ball lens coupling efficiency: full-wave calculation and measurements

Ratowsky, R. P.; Yang, Ligang; Deri, Robert J.; Chang, Kok Wai; Kallman, J S; Trott, G.R.

doi:10.1364/ao.36.003435

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Man-made ball lens–waveguide assemblies are an equivalent synthetic system used to couple light from light sources into dielectric waveguides. Here, the highest coupling efficiencies in these systems are seen for intermediate distances between the ball lens and waveguide entrance (Ratowsky et al, 1997), and although operating on a larger scale, similar optical considerations apply.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Optical influence of oil droplets on cone photoreceptor sensitivity

Wilby

Roberts

2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Oil droplets are spherical organelles found in the cone photoreceptors of vertebrates. They are generally assumed to focus incident light into the outer segment, and thereby improve light catch because of the droplets' spherical lens-like shape. However, using full-wave optical simulations of physiologically realistic cone photoreceptors from birds, frogs and turtles, we find that pigmented oil droplets actually drastically reduce the transmission of light into the outer segment integrated across the full visible wavelength range of each species. Only transparent oil droplets improve light catch into the outer segments, and any enhancement is critically dependent on the refractive index, diameter of the oil droplet, and diameter and length of the outer segment. Furthermore, oil droplets are not the only optical elements found in cone inner segments. The ellipsoid, a dense aggregation of mitochondria situated immediately prior to the oil droplet, mitigates the loss of light at the oil droplet surface. We describe a framework for integrating these optical phenomena into simple models of receptor sensitivity, and the relevance of these observations to evolutionary appearance and loss of oil droplets is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Optical influence of oil droplets on cone photoreceptor sensitivity

Wilby

Roberts

2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…This work was completed by Ratowsky et al [47] producing extended computations and (satisfactory) comparisons with experiments. Sikorski et al [48], with the same approach, dealt with the computational modeling of optical manipulation of dielectric objects in arbitrary shaped beams and microfluidic flow.…”

Section: Use Of Plane Wave Spectra For Arbitrary Shaped Beamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the electromagnetic scattering of arbitrary shaped beams by arbitrary shaped particles: A review

Gouesbet

Lock

2015

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

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“…Subsequent papers include [145][146][147][148][149][150]. To explain the plane-wave spectrum approach in a brief way, let us first assume that the exact functional form of the Maxwellian fields propagating in the z direction of a transversely confined beam are known.…”

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

List of problems for future research in generalized Lorenz–Mie theories and related topics, review and prospectus [Invited]

Gouesbet

Lock

2013

Appl. Opt.

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The expression "generalized Lorenz-Mie theories" generically denotes a class of light-scattering theories describing the interaction between an illuminating electromagnetic arbitrary-shaped beam and a particle possessing a high degree of symmetry. This allows one to use the method of separation of variables in which the illuminating beam is expressed as an expansion over a set of basis functions. Such theories have been derived and applied over the past 35 years. Although, as a whole, these theories are now well developed, there remains a list of problems to be solved, some of which are described in this paper.

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Laser diode to single-mode fiber ball lens coupling efficiency: full-wave calculation and measurements

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Optical influence of oil droplets on cone photoreceptor sensitivity

Optical influence of oil droplets on cone photoreceptor sensitivity

On the electromagnetic scattering of arbitrary shaped beams by arbitrary shaped particles: A review

List of problems for future research in generalized Lorenz–Mie theories and related topics, review and prospectus [Invited]

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