Laser diffraction characterization of droplet size distributions produced by vibrating mesh nebulization in air and a helium–oxygen mixture

Controlled, parametric, individualized, 2-D and 3-D imaging measurements of aerosol deposition in the respiratory tract of healthy human subjects for model validation

“…Nonetheless, in the interim between nebulisation and movement deep into the lung hygroscopic effects may occur and for this reason gas temperature and humidity values are provided. On the other hand, as demonstrated in Martin et al (2010), because of the high output of the Akita Apixneb vibrating mesh nebulizer, initial droplet evaporation rapidly humidifies the surrounding …”

An In Vitro Assessment of Aerosol Delivery Through Patient Breathing Circuits Used with Medical Air or a Helium–Oxygen Mixture

“…A detailed review of laser diffractometry as it relates to sizing of medical aerosols can be found in Mitchell et al, (21) whereas more recent publications explore the technique for sizing droplets produced by vibrating mesh nebulizers in particular. (18,22) The apparatus used to supply nebulized aerosol to the laser diffraction system is depicted in Figure 1. The total flow through the measurement region was determined through a vacuum control valve adjusted according to the differential pressure across a venturi tube.…”

“…As shown schematically in Figure 1, the sheath air entered the measurement chamber through two open screw-type valves, but was kept from mixing with the aerosol stream prior to the measurement through the use of a custom designed inlet (Activaero GmbH, Germany) that extended into the chamber just up to the point of intersection with the laser beam, as described previously. (18) For air, the difference between the vacuum flow rate and the supplied gas flow rate determined the sheath air flow rate. For He/O 2 , however, the influence of gas density on the flow-pressure drop relationship of the venturi tube created a complication.…”

“…As such, the influence of He/O 2 on aerosol delivery during NIV should be evaluated for a given combination of delivery device and breathing circuit prior to employing that combination for coadministration of He/O 2 and aerosol therapy. Further, as He/O 2 is known to affect droplet size distributions delivered from jet nebulizers, (14)(15)(16)(17) and, though less so, from vibrating mesh nebulizers, (16,18) these modalities of aerosol delivery may require particular attention.…”

Hélium en réanimation : de la mécanique des fluides à la clinique

“…À noter que les effets de la densité du gaz propulseur sur le nébuliseur sont variables en fonction du type d'appareil utilisé, point qui doit être gardé à l'esprit lors de l'analyse des études et dans la pratique clinique [58].…”