Laser dazzling analysis of camera sensors

Ozbilgin, Tugba; Yeniay, A.

doi:10.1117/12.2325393

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The calculation of the focal plane irradiance distribution for camera sensors has been already accomplished by several researchers, for example, by Schleijpen et al [12], Benoist et al [14] or Özbilgin et al [29]. Their work aimed to estimate the size of a dazzle spot in cameras or thermal imagers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the calculations of dazzle spot sizes were based on the integration of the point spread function (PSF) over the area of the sensor pixels using a computer software. Özbilgin et al used such an approach as well [29]. Unfortunately, this integration will not lead to closed-form expressions and, thus, does not suit the second constraint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser Safety Calculations for Imaging Sensors

Ritt

2019

Sensors

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This publication presents an approach to adapt the well-known classical eye-related concept of laser safety calculations on camera sensors as general as possible. The difficulty in this approach is that sensors, in contrast to the human eye, consist of a variety of combinations of optics and detectors. Laser safety calculations related to the human eye target terms like Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) and Nominal Ocular Hazard Distance (NOHD). The MPE describes the maximum allowed level of irradiation at the cornea of the eye to keep the eye safe from damage. The hazard distance corresponding to the MPE is called NOHD. Recently, a laser safety framework regarding the case of human eye dazzling was suggested. For laser eye dazzle, the quantities Maximum Dazzle Exposure (MDE) and the corresponding hazard distance Nominal Ocular Dazzle Distance (NODD) were introduced. Here, an approach is presented to extend laser safety calculations to camera sensors in an analogous way. The main objective thereby was to establish closed-form equations that are as simple as possible to allow also non-expert users to perform such calculations. This is the first time that such investigations have been carried out for this purpose.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Safety Calculations for Imaging Sensors

Ritt

2019

Sensors

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“…9,10 Regarding sensors, laser dazzling was intensively studied experimentally and theoretically by various groups. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The measurement of laser-induced damage thresholds of imaging sensors is also an important and ongoing topic. [18][19][20] Protection against laser dazzle faces the challenge that nowadays lasers are available with any wavelength in the visible spectral range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of complementary wavelength bands for laser dazzle protection

Ritt

Eberle

2020

Opt. Eng.

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The use of complementary wavelength bands in camera systems is a long-known principle. The camera system's spectral range is split into several spectral channels, where each channel possesses its own imaging sensor. Such an optical setup is used, for example, in highquality three-sensor color cameras. A three-sensor camera is less vulnerable to laser dazzle than a single-sensor camera. However, the separation of the individual channels is not high enough to suppress cross talk, and thus, all three channels will suffer from laser dazzling. To solve that problem, we suggest two different optical designs in which the spectral separation of the channels is significantly increased. The first optical design is a three-channel camera system, which was already presented earlier. The second design is a two-channel camera system based on optical multiband elements, which delivers undisturbed color images even under laser dazzle.

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“…8,9 Laser dazzling of sensors was intensively studied, experimentally and theoretically, by various groups. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Laser dazzle protection seems to be a simple issue, but it faces the challenge that lasers are available with any wavelength in the visible spectral range. Classical laser protection measures, such as absorption or interference filters, used in laser eye protection goggles cannot provide protection for all wavelengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing image information loss of imaging sensors in case of laser dazzle

2019

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We present an optical concept for imaging sensor systems, designed to considerably reduce the sensor's image information loss in cases of laser dazzle, based on the principle of complementary bands. For this purpose, the sensor system's spectral range is split in several (at least two) spectral channels, where each channel possesses its own imaging sensor. This long-known principle is applied, for example, in high-quality three-sensor color cameras. However, in such camera systems, the spectral separation between the different spectral bands is too poor to prevent complete sensor saturation when illuminated with intense laser radiation. We increased the channel separation by orders of magnitude by implementing advanced optical elements. Thus, monochromatic radiation of a dazzle laser mainly influences the dedicated transmitting spectral channel. The other (out-of-band) spectral channels are not or-depending on the laser power-only hardly affected. We present our system design as well as a performance evaluation of the sensor concerning laser dazzle.

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Laser dazzling analysis of camera sensors

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Laser Safety Calculations for Imaging Sensors

Laser Safety Calculations for Imaging Sensors

Use of complementary wavelength bands for laser dazzle protection

Preventing image information loss of imaging sensors in case of laser dazzle

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