Laser damage in germanium

Willis, Lucas; Emmony, D. C.

doi:10.1016/0030-3992(75)90043-2

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The maximum crystallization speed in Ge is reported to be about 10 4 cm/s [21]. If the melted layer is supercooled in a very short time compared to a characteristic time (scaling as the heated depth divided by crystallization speed), the processed region might transform into the crystalline phase [7]. For the electronic heating depth of 1 mm measured in this work, the recrystallization condition described above can be fulfilled.…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…With increasing the density of electrons at the laser fluence higher than 10.2 J/cm 2 , however, the electron heat diffusion process plays an important role in the ultrashort laser ablation [9]. In this condition, the cooling rate could be estimated to be about 2.4 Â 10 15 1C/s while the cooling time is 1.4 Â 10 À10 s [7]. The maximum crystallization speed in Ge is reported to be about 10 4 cm/s [21].…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Much attention has been paid to investigate the laser-induced damage after irradiation in order to develop a better quality in the laser processing. In particular, several studies led us to have deeper understandings on the structural transformation in semiconductor surfaces using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and pump-probe technique with comparatively longer duration pulses [5][6][7]. Recently, it has been reported that the damage morphology of germanium (Ge) surface demonstrates recrystallization through ultrafast cooling [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

XRD studies on the femtosecond laser ablated single-crystal germanium in air

Park

Kim

Park

et al. 2005

Optics and Lasers in Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

XRD studies on the femtosecond laser ablated single-crystal germanium in air

Park

Kim

Park

et al. 2005

Optics and Lasers in Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The laser induced damage studies in terms of these parameters allow a complete characterization of the damage process in terms of the intrinsic or extrinsic thermophysical and metallurgical properties of the material. Laser induced damage studies in semiconductors like Si, Ge and GaAs have been reported for a wide range of pulse duration and laser wavelengths [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. However, only a few laser induced damage studies have been reported on InSb at 0.69µm, 1.06µm, 5.3µm and 10.6µm wavelengths [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of laser damage in indium antimonide(InSb) at 1.06-μm wavelength

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evolution of laser damage morphology has been studied in 112 oriented, mirror polished Indium Antimonide(InSb) samples as a function of increasing energy , pulse repetition rate and number of pulses using a Nd:Cr:GSGG laser of 1.06µm wavelength having a pulse width of 20ns. Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) investigations of the irradiated samples have been done to understand the evolution of damage morphology. Damage morphology is consistent with surface melting and solidification along with an evidence of subsurface overheating. Temperature profiles calculated at different fluence levels confirm substantial subsurface heating. Multiple pulse damage seen at 20Hz with increasing fluence levels is mainly thermal damage. Thermal modeling has been done to explain different morphological features.

show abstract

“…where the ripples have a periodicity close to the laser wavelength (Willis and Emmony, 1975). Furthermore, it is observed that the ripples orientation is strongly dependent on the beam polarization and this leads to an evolvement in a ripple model (Emmony et al, 1973;Gousheng et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond laser interaction with fused silica in surface structuring

Tan¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The need for miniaturisation in devices in today's industries has led to a vast array of micromachining processes. Yet, micromachining of glass remains a great challenge due to the extreme brittleness and hardness of the material. With the development of the chirped pulse amplification (CPA) technique in the mid-1980s, powerful femtosecond (10-15 s) laser systems are now readily available in the market for carrying out micromachining on various materials. Femtosecond (fs) lasers have several advantages over their long pulse laser counterparts. First, the high intensity of femtosecond laser pulse will easily triggers the multiphoton absorption process to occur in transparent material enabling bulk modification within the transparent materials. Moreover, the ultrashort pulse duration (~100 fs) of a femtosecond laser enables energy to be dissipated before thermal diffusion occurs (~10 ps), thus collateral damages around the machined area is minimized. These unique properties have opened up new opportunities in using femtosecond lasers for carrying out micromachining and micro fabrication of glass and other transparent materials. Despite the ongoing work to study femtosecond laser-material interaction, practical use of femtosecond laser for industrial application can be still considered at the development stage as the beam interaction process is not well understood. New physical mechanism and phenomenon can arise when the machining is performed using different materials and conditions. Therefore, in this research, a femtosecond laser was used to carry ablation of transparent material in air using fused silica as a model optical material. The objective of this research is to gain a better understanding on the femtosecond laser irradiation effects on fused silica so that it can be applied to practical micromachining processes. These effects include ripple formation, change in crystal structures and surface morphologies as well as how the laser irradiated Abstract ii machined profiles respond to various laser parameters. Special attention was paid to characterize the laser irradiated morphologies and structures as well as studying phenomenon related to micromachining of fused silica. Major results and new findings are summarized as follows: Femtosecond laser induced periodic structures on fused silica were systematically studied by irradiating the surface using a wide range of laser processing parameters. It is found that two directional ripples having periods smaller than the laser wavelength can be formed on the surface of fused silica. It is demonstrated that the the origin of the coarse ripple is related to the ultrafast melting and solidification of fused silica and the fine ripple is a result of harmonica wave generation. It is also found that orientation and period of these ripple structures can be controlled experimentally by varying the beam polarization. It is further observed that the influence of the surface defect like scratches exert an even stronger influence on the ripple orientation than the beam polari...

show abstract

Laser damage in germanium

Cited by 28 publications

References 5 publications

XRD studies on the femtosecond laser ablated single-crystal germanium in air

XRD studies on the femtosecond laser ablated single-crystal germanium in air

Evolution of laser damage in indium antimonide(InSb) at 1.06-μm wavelength

Femtosecond laser interaction with fused silica in surface structuring

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About