Laser Compression of Matter to Super-High Densities: Thermonuclear (CTR) Applications

Nuckolls, J.; Wood, Lowell; Thiessen, A.R.; Zimmerman, G. B.

doi:10.1038/239139a0

Cited by 1,782 publications

(788 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…67 The American ICF program was declassified with a short paper that John Nuckolls, Lowell Wood, Albert Thiessen, and George Zimmerman of Lawrence Livermore Laboratory published in the September 15, 1972, issue of Nature. 68 Subsequently, many laser-plasma physicists joined the APS Division of Plasma Physics and flooded into its open scientific meetings. Between 1965 and 1971, the DPP annual meetings included one or two sessions on laser plasmas, usually featuring papers by members of relatively small, unclassified projects.…”

Section: Magnetic-confinement and Inertial-confinement Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and Phenomena: Basic Plasma Physics and Fusion Research in Postwar America

Weisel

2008

Phys. perspect.

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Section: Magnetic-confinement and Inertial-confinement Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and Phenomena: Basic Plasma Physics and Fusion Research in Postwar America

Weisel

2008

Phys. perspect.

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“…Beginning about 1960, the physics of HED systems was explored further by researchers seeking to develop inertially confined, controlled thermonuclear fusion systems, notably including Nuckolls and Emmett in the USA and Basov in the USSR. The fundamental potential of such systems was laid out 9 in Nature in 1972. Work proceeded around the world through the 1970s and beyond to develop the laser facilities or pulsed power devices that could make inertial fusion possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on high-energy-density physics

2009

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Much of 21st century plasma physics will involve work to produce, understand, control, and exploit very nontraditional plasmas. High-energy-density (HED) plasmas are often examples, variously involving strong Coulomb interactions and ⪡1 particles per Debye sphere, dominant radiation effects, and strongly relativistic or strongly quantum-mechanical behavior. Indeed, these and other modern plasma systems often fall outside the early standard theoretical definitions of “plasma.” Here the specific ways in which HED plasmas differ from traditional plasmas are discussed. This is first done by comparison of important physical quantities across the parameter regime accessible by existing or contemplated experimental facilities. A specific discussion of some illustrative cases follows, including strongly radiative shocks and the production of relativistic, quasimonoenergetic beams of accelerated electrons.

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“…The goal of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) [1][2][3] is to implode a spherical target to achieve high compression of a cryogenic deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel layer and high temperature in the central hot spot to trigger ignition and produce significant thermonuclear energy gain. Hydrodynamic instabilities (including Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities) and mix play a central role in the performance degradation of spherical implosions in ICF [2,3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic instability experiments with three-dimensional modulations at the National Ignition Facility

Smalyuk

Weber

Casey

et al. 2015

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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The first hydrodynamic instability growth measurements with three-dimensional (3D) surface-roughness modulations were performed on CH shell spherical implosions at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) [G. H. Miller, E. I. Moses, and C. R. Wuest, Opt. Eng. 43, 2841 (2004)]. The initial capsule outer-surface amplitudes were increased approximately four times, compared with the standard specifications, to increase the signal-to-noise ratio, helping to qualify a technique for measuring small 3D modulations. The instability growth measurements were performed using x-ray through-foil radiography based on time-resolved pinhole imaging. Averaging over 15 similar images significantly increased the signal-to-noise ratio, making possible a comparison with 3D simulations. At a convergence ratio of ∼2.4, the measured modulation levels were ∼3 times larger than those simulated based on the growth of the known imposed initial surface modulations. Several hypotheses are discussed, including increased instability growth due to modulations of the oxygen content in the bulk of the capsule. Future experiments will be focused on measurements with standard 3D 'nativeroughness' capsules as well as with deliberately imposed oxygen modulations.

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Laser Compression of Matter to Super-High Densities: Thermonuclear (CTR) Applications

Cited by 1,782 publications

References 7 publications

Properties and Phenomena: Basic Plasma Physics and Fusion Research in Postwar America

Properties and Phenomena: Basic Plasma Physics and Fusion Research in Postwar America

Perspectives on high-energy-density physics

Hydrodynamic instability experiments with three-dimensional modulations at the National Ignition Facility

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