Laser‐Assisted Printing of Electrodes Using Metal–Organic Frameworks for Micro‐Supercapacitors

Abstract

Direct laser scribing, an advanced printing technique, has been recently developed to enable the carbonization of carbonaceous precursors in a rapid, precise, and cost-effective manner. Herein, it is reported that metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) can be converted into patterned derived carbon with desired structural features using a CO 2 infrared laser system. Metal species in MOFs play a key role in the morphology, porous structure, and crystallinity of the resulting laser-induced products by studying six representative MOFs. Diverse features such as ordered porous structure and continuous network microstructure can be obtained in the laser-induced MOF-derived carbon, which is influenced by the melting and boiling points of metals and their magnetic and catalytic behaviors. Furthermore, a core-shell structured composite (MOF-199@ZIF-67) has been designed and prepared for the fabrication of 12-interdigital electrodes derived from the composite by laser-assisted printing. The as-obtained electrodes with highly porous and hierarchical structure show an enhanced specific capacitance for micro-supercapacitors (MSCs). This work provides a complementary heat treatment method to produce MOF-derived carbon nanomaterials with desired structural features and patterns for MSCs and micro-device-related applications.

3D Wearable Fabric‐Based Micro‐Supercapacitors with Ultra‐High Areal Capacitance

“…[1][2][3][4] Micro-supercapacitors (MSCs), as important alternatives to micro-batteries, are superior to be used in these fields due to their high-power density, fast charge/discharge rates, and long cycling life. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] When coupled with wearable systems, MSCs with typical planar interdigital configuration can also support multiple portable (PEDOT:PSS) is patterned by screen printing to form continuous conductive networks. MnO 2 microspheres with excellent pseudo-capacitance behavior are then uniformly deposited on the surface of PEDOT:PSS.…”

“…[ 1–4 ] Micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs), as important alternatives to micro‐batteries, are superior to be used in these fields due to their high‐power density, fast charge/discharge rates, and long cycling life. [ 5–12 ] When coupled with wearable systems, MSCs with typical planar interdigital configuration can also support multiple portable applications, including health management, patient monitoring, motion sensing, and disease feedback, etc. [ 13–17 ] But the limited footprint on miniaturized and wearable devices still requires high energy supply per unit area, making the area capacitance the most critical performance metric.…”

Soft materials for wearable supercapacitors

“…Additionally, to further improve the stretchability of MOFs based electrodes for WSCs, printing strategies were also applied to print MOFs hybrids on elastic substrates [154,157].…”

Laser‐Induced Annealing of Metal–Organic Frameworks on Conductive Substrates for Electrochemical Water Splitting

“…[ 26–30 ] Recently, this technique has been reported to prepare carbon‐based materials under ambient conditions, [ 31–35 ] which is attributed to that laser can induce high local heating temperature (over 2500 °C) to break CO, CO, or CN bonds followed by the recombination of these elements to produce gaseous products. [ 36,37 ] The transient reducing atmosphere around the sample can reduce metal ions to form metal particles while the aromatic fragments are rearranged to form graphitic carbon structures. [ 38,39 ] Specifically, MOFs can be laser‐treated to prepare derivatives with uniform structures, of which the metal nanoparticles are coated by a porous carbon shell, because of the focused laser source and rapid carbonization process in air.…”