Laser assisted field desorption mass spectrometry

Schulten, H.‐R.; Lehmann, Wolf D.; Haaks, D.

doi:10.1002/oms.1210130612

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The most probable explanation, as was already mentioned, is in contribution of the FI/FD‐like mechanism to ions formation. It should be noted, that the laser‐assisted FD from emitters activated by carbon whiskers has already been successfully practiced in the early days of FI/FD 50. It was demonstrated in our early works on FI/FD51, 52 that the sharpness of graphite wafers exposed on the fracture surface of a common graphite pencil lead used as FI/FD emitter is sufficient for efficient FI/FD process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Sensitivity of redox reactions of dyes to variations of conditions created in mass spectrometric experiments

et al. 2008

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Redox behaviour of four imidazophenazine dye derivatives under mass spectrometric conditions of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), laser desorption/ionization (LDI) from metal and graphite surface, electrospray, low temperature secondary ion mass spectrometry (LT SIMS) and fast atom bombardment (FAB) was studied and distinctions in the reduction-dependent spectral patterns were analyzed from the point of view of different quantities of protons and electrons available for reduction in different techniques. The reduction products [M + 2H](+*), [M + 3H](+) and M(-*), [M + H](-) were observed in the positive and negative ion modes, respectively, which permitted to suggest independent occurrence of reduction and protonation/deprotonation processes. LDI from graphite substrate was the only technique that allowed us to obtain abundant negative ions of all dye derivatives. The yield of field ionization (FI) or field desorption (FD) mechanism to ion formation under LDI from rough graphite surface has been addressed. The sensitivity of reduction of the dyes to variation of reduction-initiating agents confirms high redox activity of the dyes essential for their functioning in natural and artificial systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Sensitivity of redox reactions of dyes to variations of conditions created in mass spectrometric experiments

et al. 2008

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“…n the 1970s, field desorption (FD) became known as the first soft desorption/ionization method in mass spectrometry (MS) [1][2][3][4]. As documented in the literature [5] and proven by our own experience [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], FD-MS performs equally well for the analysis of nonpolar, polar, and ionic compounds.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Liquid Injection Field Desorption/Ionization-Electrospray Ionization Combination Source for a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer

Linden

Gross

2011

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A new type of combination ion source has been devised. It unites two complementary ionization methods, i.e., liquid injection field desorption/ionization (LIFDI) and electrospray ionization (ESI). This LIFDI-ESI combination ion source has been constructed for a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer. The LIFDI-ESI combination ion source can be switched between the LIFDI and ESI modes of operation within 15 min without breaking the vacuum. The source design and its operation are described. LIFDI-FT-ICR spectra of the ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)-phosphonium tris(pentafluoroethyl)-trifluorophosphate, polyethylene glycol 600, 2,3,4-tridodecyloxy-benzaldehyde, and [60]fullerene are described.

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“…[125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132] Alternatively to acquiring FD spectra at a constant EHC ramp, the acquisition can be performed in a emission-controlled manner to avoid emitter rupture due to electric sparking. [133][134][135] With emissioncontrolled EHC, the EHC ramp is flattened or paused when the ion current approaches a preset limit, e.g., 1 mA, and resumed when the emission decreases.…”

Section: Emitter Heating Versus Analyte Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the discovery of field ionization to field desorption and liquid injection field desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry—A journey from principles and applications to a glimpse into the future

Gross

2020

Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester)

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The discovery of the ionizing effect of strong electric fields in the order of volts per Ångstrom in the early 1950s eventually led to the development of field ionization-mass spectrometry (FI-MS). Due to the very low ion currents, and thus, limited by the instrumentation of the 1960s, it took some time for the, by then, new technique to become adopted for analytical applications. In FI-MS, volatile or at least vaporizable samples mainly deliver molecular ions, and consequently, mass spectra showing no or at least minor numbers of fragment ion signals. The next major breakthrough was achieved by overcoming the need to evaporate the analyte prior to ionization. This was accomplished in the early 1970s by simply depositing the samples onto the field emitter and led to field desorption-mass spectrometry (FD-MS). With FD-MS, a desorption ionization method had become available that paved the road to the mass spectral analysis of larger molecules of low to high polarity and even of organic salts. In FD-MS, all of these analytes deliver spectra with no or at least few fragment ion peaks. The last milestone was the development of liquid injection field desorption/ionization (LIFDI) in the early 2000s that allows for sample deposition under the exclusion of atmospheric oxygen and water. In addition to sampling under inert conditions, LIFDI also enables more robust and quicker operation than classical FI-MS and FD-MS procedures. The development and applications of FI, FD, and LIFDI had mutual interference with the mass analyzers that were used in combination with these methods. Vice versa, the demand for using these techniques on other than magnetic sector instruments has effectuated their adaptation to different types of modern mass analyzers. The journey started with magnetic sector instruments, almost skipped quadrupole analyzers, encompassed Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) and orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight (oaTOF) analyzers, and finally arrived at Orbitraps. Even interfaces for continuous-flow LIFDI have been realized. Even though being niche techniques to some degree, one may be confident that FI, FD, and LIFDI have a promising future ahead of them. This Account takes you on the journey from principles and applications of the title methods to a glimpse into the future.

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Laser assisted field desorption mass spectrometry

Cited by 30 publications

References 25 publications

Sensitivity of redox reactions of dyes to variations of conditions created in mass spectrometric experiments

Sensitivity of redox reactions of dyes to variations of conditions created in mass spectrometric experiments

A Liquid Injection Field Desorption/Ionization-Electrospray Ionization Combination Source for a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer

From the discovery of field ionization to field desorption and liquid injection field desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry—A journey from principles and applications to a glimpse into the future

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