Laryngeal Muscle Activity and Vocal Fold Adduction During Chest, Chestmix, Headmix, and Head Registers in Females

Kochis-Jennings, Karen Ann; Finnegan, Eileen M.; Hoffman, Henry T.; Jaiswal, Sanyukta

doi:10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.11.002

Cited by 35 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Titze (1988a) provided a conceptual framework of muscle balance in registration by including the possibility of acoustic interaction with the vocal tract. Kochis-Jennings et al (2012) showed that as human subjects shifted from modal to mixed register, and from mixed register to falsetto, they decreased TA activation relative to CT activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi-stable vocal fold adduction: A mechanism of modal-falsetto register shifts and mixed registration

Titze¹

2014

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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The origin of vocal registers has generally been attributed to differential activation of cricothyroid and thyroarytenoid muscles in the larynx. Register shifts, however, have also been shown to be affected by glottal pressures exerted on vocal fold surfaces, which can change with loudness, pitch, and vowel. Here it is shown computationally and with empirical data that intraglottal pressures can change abruptly when glottal adductory geometry is changed relatively smoothly from convergent to divergent. An intermediate shape between large convergence and large divergence, namely, a nearly rectangular glottal shape with almost parallel vocal fold surfaces, is associated with mixed registration. It can be less stable than either of the highly angular shapes unless transglottal pressure is reduced and upper stiffness of vocal fold tissues is balanced with lower stiffness. This intermediate state of adduction is desirable because it leads to a low phonation threshold pressure with moderate vocal fold collision. Achieving mixed registration consistently across wide ranges of F0, lung pressure, and vocal tract shapes appears to be a balancing act of coordinating laryngeal muscle activation with vocal tract pressures. Surprisingly, a large transglottal pressure is not facilitative in this process, exacerbating the bi-stable condition and the associated register contrast.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi-stable vocal fold adduction: A mechanism of modal-falsetto register shifts and mixed registration

Titze¹

2014

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…In general, activity of the laryngeal muscles increases as F 0 during vocalization increases; this is particularly true of the cricothyroid and vocalis muscles, whose activity increases dramatically at higher frequencies (Chhetri, Neubauer, & Berry, 2012;Kochis-Jennings, Finnegan, Hoffman, & Jaiswal, 2012;Titze, 1994), although the extrinsic laryngeal muscle, sternohyoid, also displays a contribution to higher frequencies as the larynx is raised (Hirano & Ohala, 1969). Higher F 0 production is also associated with increases in tracheal pressure (Verdolini-Marston, Titze, & Druker, 1990), as well as increases in loudness and glottal airflow (Isshiki, 1965).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High F0 and musicianship make a difference: Pitch-shift responses across the vocal range

Sturgeon

Hubbard

Schmidt

et al. 2015

Journal of Phonetics

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“…To date, there is still no complete consensus regarding the terminology of singing voice registers, particularly concerning their number and definition [1,3–15]. It is assumed that perceptive differences of registers could be related to differences in activities of laryngeal muscles [2,10,13,16], differences in vocal tract resonances [12,17–20], interactions of the subglottal resonances with the voice source [21], or interactions of vocal tract resonances with the voice source [22–25]. Register changes are frequently accompanied by acoustic variations [12,26–28] and fundamental frequency jumps [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laryngeal evidence for the first and second passaggio in professionally trained sopranos

et al. 2017

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IntroductionDue to a lack of empirical data, the current understanding of the laryngeal mechanics in the passaggio regions (i.e., the fundamental frequency ranges where vocal registration events usually occur) of the female singing voice is still limited.Material and methodsIn this study the first and second passaggio regions of 10 professionally trained female classical soprano singers were analyzed. The sopranos performed pitch glides from A3 (ƒo = 220 Hz) to A4 (ƒo = 440 Hz) and from A4 (ƒo = 440 Hz) to A5 (ƒo = 880 Hz) on the vowel [iː]. Vocal fold vibration was assessed with trans-nasal high speed videoendoscopy at 20,000 fps, complemented by simultaneous electroglottographic (EGG) and acoustic recordings. Register breaks were perceptually rated by 12 voice experts. Voice stability was documented with the EGG-based sample entropy. Glottal opening and closing patterns during the passaggi were analyzed, supplemented with open quotient data extracted from the glottal area waveform.ResultsIn both the first and the second passaggio, variations of vocal fold vibration patterns were found. Four distinct patterns emerged: smooth transitions with either increasing or decreasing durations of glottal closure, abrupt register transitions, and intermediate loss of vocal fold contact. Audible register transitions (in both the first and second passaggi) generally coincided with higher sample entropy values and higher open quotient variance through the respective passaggi.ConclusionsNoteworthy vocal fold oscillatory registration events occur in both the first and the second passaggio even in professional sopranos. The respective transitions are hypothesized to be caused by either (a) a change of laryngeal biomechanical properties; or by (b) vocal tract resonance effects, constituting level 2 source-filter interactions.

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Laryngeal Muscle Activity and Vocal Fold Adduction During Chest, Chestmix, Headmix, and Head Registers in Females

Cited by 35 publications

References 23 publications

Bi-stable vocal fold adduction: A mechanism of modal-falsetto register shifts and mixed registration

Bi-stable vocal fold adduction: A mechanism of modal-falsetto register shifts and mixed registration

High F0 and musicianship make a difference: Pitch-shift responses across the vocal range

Laryngeal evidence for the first and second passaggio in professionally trained sopranos

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