Larvicidal efficacy of Jatropha curcas and bacterial insecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis, against lymphatic filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

The present study explored the effects of Jatropha curcas leaf extract and Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis larvicidal activity against the lymphatic filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus. Wights were selected for investigating the larvicidal potential against the first to fourth instar larvae of the laboratory-reared mosquito species, C. quinquefasciatus Say, in which the major lymphatic filariasis was used. The medicinal plants were collected from the area around Bharathiar University, Coimbatore. The dried plant materials were powdered by an electric blender. From the powder, 100 g of the plant materials was extracted with 300 ml of organic solvents of methanol for 8 h, using a Soxhlet apparatus, and filtered. The crude plant extracts were evaporated to dryness in a rotary vacuum evaporator. The plant extract showed larvicidal effects after 24 h of exposure; however, the highest larval mortality was found in the leaf extract of methanol J. curcas against the first to fourth instar larvae of values LC(50) = 1.200%, 1.290%, 1.358%, and 1.448% and LC(90) = 2.094%, 2.323%, 2.444%, and 2.544% and B. thuringiensis israelensis against the first to fourth instar larvae of values LC(50) = 9.332%, 9.832%, 10.212%, 10.622% and LC(90) = 15.225%, 15.508%, 15.887%, and 15.986% larvae of C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. No mortality was observed in the control. These results suggest methanol extracts of J. curcas and B. thuringiensis israelensis have potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of the major lymphatic filarial vector, C. quinquefasciatus.

Bioactivity Effect of Piper nigrum L. and Jatropha curcas L. Extracts Against Corcyra cephalonica [Stainton]

“…Different parts of J. curcas contain the curcin and phorbol ester which are toxic alkaloids that inhibit animals from feeding on it [34]. The insecticidal and inhibition of progeny emergence activities of oil extracted from seeds of J. curcas has been reported by earlier researchers against several insect pests [26,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. This study is agreement with earlier studies, the petroleum ether extract of J. curcas seeds showed insecticidal activity against C. cephalonica larvae.…”

Seduhan daun dan buah jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) untuk mengendalikan nematoda perongga akar Radopholus similis secara in vitro

“…Minyak biji jarak pagar juga dilaporkan efektif sebagai larvasida, anti-oviposisi dan ovisida terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes albopictus (Adebowale &Adedire 2006; Kumar & Sharma 2008;Kovendan et al 2011). Tukimin dan Karmawati (2012) melaporkan minyak bungkil biji jarak pagar dapat digunakan sebagai biopestisida terhadap Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner.…”

Environmental Health Monitoring: A Pragmatic Approach

“…Though many studies on plant extracts against mosquito larvae have been conducted around the world, we present our efforts on the development of a range of ecofriendly bioinsecticides in this review [64][65][66][68][69][70][71][72]. The methanolic extract of leaves from Acalypha alnifolia exhibited larvicidal activity against three important mosquitoes such as malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi, dengue vector, Aedes aegypti and Bancroftian filariasis vector, Culex quinquefasciatus [64].…”

“…These targets range from proteins (enzymes, receptors, signaling molecules, ionchannels and structural proteins), nucleic acids, biomembranes, and other cellular components [63]. This in turn, affects mosquito physiology in several ways such as abnormality in the nervous system e.g., inhibition of acetylecholinestrase (by essential oils), GABA-gated chloride channel (by thymol), hormonal balance disruption, mitotic poisoning (by azadirachtin), disruption of the molecular events of morphogenesis and alteration in the behaviour and memory of cholinergic system (by essential oil) .Though many studies on plant extracts against mosquito larvae have been conducted around the world, we present our efforts on the development of a range of ecofriendly bioinsecticides in this review [64][65][66][68][69][70][71][72] ppm and 390 to 460 ppm. This was the first report on the larvicidal activities of South Indian plant extracts against three species of mosquito vectors.…”

“…The combination of ethanol extract from Acalypha alnifolia leaves and fungal insecticide, Metarizhium anisopliae was evaluated for larvicidal and pupicidal properties against the malaria fever mosquito, Anopheles stephensi and the formulation was found to be more effective in exhibiting antimosquito activities than the individual active components [68,69]. Another study explored the effects of Jatropha curcas leaf extract and Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis on larvicidal activity against the lymphatic filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus [70]. Combination of plant and microbial insecticides not only shows efficiency in vector control at different stages but also reduces the occurrence of insecticidal resistance.…”