Larvicidal effect of disinfectant soap on Anopheles gambiae s.s (Diptera: Culicidae) in laboratory and semifield environs

Abstract

BackgroundMosquito larval control using chemicals and biological agents is of paramount importance in vector population and disease incidence reduction. A commercial synthetic disinfectant soap was evaluated against larvae of Anopheles gambiae s.s. in both laboratory and semi field conditions.MethodFive concentrations of commercial synthetic disinfectant soap (0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1%) were prepared and evaluated against third instar larvae in laboratory and semi field environments. Mortality was scored at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hrs. Each dosage had 6 replicates, having twenty 3rd instar larvae of An.gambiae s.s.ResultsIn the laboratory phase, all dosages had significantly higher larval mortalities than in controls, while in semi field conditions, the dosages of 0.0001, 0.001 and 0.01% had lower mortalities than laboratory trials. In the comparison between semi field and laboratory trials, only 0.1 and 1% dosage had significant difference with more mortality in semifield conditions. Proportions of larvae that died during mortality monitoring intervals in laboratory and semi field had significant differences only at 12 hrs and 72 hrs.ConclusionThe findings of this study have demonstrated that the mortality of larvae caused by commercial synthetic disinfectant soap is worth further studies in open water bodies. More studies are necessary to find out the effect of sunlight on the chemistry of the synthetic disinfectant and other variables in small scale full field trials.

Anti-mosquito properties of Pelargonium roseum (Geraniaceae) and Juniperus virginiana (Cupressaceae) essential oils against dominant malaria vectors in Africa

“…In this study, the studied oils (JVO, PRO, and PRO main components) showed anti-mosquito (larvicidal and adulticidal) activities under different conditions. The larval mortality rates were higher in laboratory environment than semi-field conditions, as reported by other studies [45,46,49,50]. The trend of LC 50 values of JVO larvicidal activity raised with increasing exposure time, which is in line with other investigations [51,52].…”

The Laboratory and Semi-Field Larvicidal Effects of Essential Oil Extracted from Feronia limonia against Anopheles arabiensis Patton

“…The dead and moribund larvae were both considered dead. Experiments were set in both laboratory and semi-field conditions as described elsewhere [ 9 ].…”

The effect of larval exposure to acids and detergents on the life history of the major malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…gambiae complex to chemical insecticides permethrin, deltamethrin and neonicotinoids. [14][15][16] Thus, in addition to the development of insecticide resistance being a major limiting step in malaria elimination in Africa, the environment in which mosquitoes inhabit is quickly becoming an important factor to consider with regard to vector control.…”