Larvicidal activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using Plumeria rubra plant latex against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi

Abstract

In the present study activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using Plumeria rubra plant latex against second and fourth larval instar of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi was determined. Range of concentrations of synthesized AgNps (10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625, 0.3125 ppm) and aqueous crude latex (1,000, 500, 250, 125, 62.50, 31.25 ppm) were tested against larvae of A. aegypti and A. Stephensi. The synthesized AgNps from P. rubra latex were highly toxic than crude latex extract in both mosquito species. The LC(50) values for second and fourth larval instars after 24 h of crude latex exposure were 1.49, 1.82 ppm against A. aegypti and 1.10, 1.74 ppm against A. stephensi respectively. These figures were 181.67, 287.49 ppm against A. aegypti and 143.69, 170.58 ppm against A. stephensi respectively for crude latex extract. The mortality rates were positively correlated with the concentration of AgNPs. The characterization studies of synthesized AgNPs by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Particle size analysis (PSA) and zeta potential confirmed the spherical shape and size (32-200 nm) of silver nanoparticles along with stability. Toxicity studies carried out against non-target fish species Poecilia reticulata, the most common organism in the habitats of A. aegypti and A. stephensi showed no toxicity at LC(50) and LC(90) doses of the AgNPs. This is the first report on mosquito larvicidal activity of latex synthesized nanoparticles.

Biogenic Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Potential Applications: An Eco- Friendly Approach

“…The production of gold and silver nanoparticles using Geranium extract [21], Aloe vera plant extracts [22], sundried Cinnamomum camphora and Azadiracta indica leaf extract has been explained [23][24][25] Inexpensive reduction of silver and gold ions present concurrently in solution, during exposure to plant leaf extract, generates bimetallic silver and gold shell nanoparticles. The information is also available for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, using Plumeria rubra plant latex [25].…”

“…The information is also available for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, using Plumeria rubra plant latex [25]. Nanoparticle synthesis furthermore carried out using Szyygium aromaticum bud extract, Murraya koenigii leaf extract.…”

Plumeria rubra L. (Apocynaceae): Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology: A Mini Review

“…The plant has been investigated for antibacterial (Hamburger et al, 1991;Egwaikhide et al, 2007Egwaikhide et al, , 2009Kuigoua et al, 2010;Baghel et al, 2010;Dey et al, 2011), antifungal (Kuigoua et al, 2010;Souza et al, 2011;Gaitan et al, 2011), antimicrobial (Mahady, 2002), antialgal (Kuigoua et al, 2010), larvicidal (Ramos et al, 2009;Patil et al, 2012), molluscicidal (Hamburger et al, 1991), piscicidal (Joshi and Joshi, 2006), nematicidal (Joymati, 2010), antioxidative and free radical scavenging activities (Ruiz-Teran et al, 2008), hypolipidemic (Merina et al, 2010), proteolytic (De Freitas et al, 2010), cytotoxic (Kardono et al, 1990;Hamburger et al, 1991;Rekha and Jayakar, 2011), abortifacient (Dabhadkar and Zade, 2012) and anti HIV (Tan et al, 1991) properties. The biocatalytic activity in terms of lipase activity in hydrolysis and acyl transfer reactions of latex was compared with that of babaco (Vasconcellea x Heilbornii Cv.)…”

“…Potentiality of laticifer proteins for larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti was tested (Ramos et al, 2009). Silver nanoparticles synthesized from the plant latex were found to possess larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi (Patil et al, 2012). Immunoreactive cardiac glycosides were reported form the plant in significant amount indicating its probable toxicity (Radford et al, 1986).…”

Nanobiotechnology Solutions againstAedes aegypti

“…aegypti showed very sensitivity towards the mortality with biogenic silver nanoparticles (Table 3). [66][67][68][69][76][77][78][79][80][81][82] Besides these actions, silver nanoparticles were effective against Anopheles and Culex. [83][84][85] Against Ae.…”