Larvicidal Activity againstAedes aegyptiand Molluscicidal Activity againstBiomphalaria glabrataof Brazilian Marine Algae

Abstract

This study investigated the biological activities of five benthic marine algae collected from Northeastern Region of Brazil. The tested activities included larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria glabrata, and toxicity against Artemia salina. Extracts of Ulva lactuca (Chlorophyta), Padina gymnospora, Sargassum vulgare (Phaeophyta), Hypnea musciformis, and Digenea simplex (Rhodophyta) were prepared using different solvents of increasing polarity, including dichloromethane, methanol, ethanol, and water. Of the extracts screened, the dichloromethane extracts of H. musciformis and P. gymnospora exhibited the highest activities and were subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation in hexane and chloroform. The chloroform fractions of the P. gymnospora and H. musciformis extracts showed molluscicidal activity at values below 40 μg·mL−1 (11.1460 μg·mL−1 and 25.8689 μg·mL−1, resp.), and the chloroform and hexane fractions of P. gymnospora showed larvicidal activity at values below 40 μg·mL−1 (29.018 μg·mL−1 and 17.230 μg·mL−1, resp.). The crude extracts were not toxic to A. salina, whereas the chloroform and hexane fractions of P. gymnospora (788.277 μg·mL−1 and 706.990 μg·mL−1) showed moderate toxicity, indicating that the toxic compounds present in these algae are nonpolar.

Biogenic larvicidal formulation of metabolites from Steinernema saimkayi symbiont Xenorhabdus stockiae KUT6 against dengue vector Aedes aegypti

“…Statistical analysis was performed with graphed prism 6 software using one-way analysis of variance. The LC 50 values were calculated using probit analysis (Guedes et al, 2014).…”

“…According to WHO continuous usage of chemical insecticides such as synthetic pyrethroids, malathion and carbamates may results decreased susceptibility towards vector target (WHO, 2016). But the major disadvantage is that it can harm non-target beings in the environment and continuous usage of chemical insecticides causes health related issues and develops negative impact of resistance among mosquitoes (Guedes et al, 2014). Since no vaccines are available there is a need for developing eco-friendly biodegradable, low cost biological insecticides for the eradication.…”

Vii Foro Iberoamericano De Los Recursos Marinos Y La Acuicultura

“…Entre estas especies, las macroalgas marinas exhiben una gran fuente potencial de nuevos compuestos bioactivos y es bien conocido que éstas los sintetizan con diversas actividades, y en las últimas tres décadas se han incrementado las investigaciones referentes a este tópico. Se ha señalado que muchos de estos metabolitos poseen actividad antibacterial, antifúngica, antiviral, antitumoral (Guedes et al 2014). Las capacidades metabólicas y fisiológicas de los organismos marinos que les permiten sobrevivir en un hábitat complejo les confieren un enorme potencial para la producción de metabolitos únicos que no se encuentran en ambientes terrestres.…”

“…Existen suficientes estudios relacionados con la toxicidad de macroalgas marinas frente a nauplios de A. salina. Así tenemos, Guedes et al (2014) ). Los resultados obtenidos indican que los extractos metanólicos de las especies estudiadas presentan compuestos bioactivos, los cuales pudieran ser utilizados como mecanismos de defensa frente a depredadores y patógenos presentes en el medio (Ibrahim et al 2005).…”

Brown Seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata: Bioguided Fractionation of Extracts by Antibacterial Activity and Cytotoxicity Test

“…This species, it is a widespread species on the Moroccan Atlantic coast between Tangier and Dakhla 6 . Several biological studies have been carried on extracts of this species there is work done on the antioxidant activities 7 , antimicrobial activities 7 , antiprotozoal activities 8 and other biological valuations value [9][10][11] .…”