Larval settlement rates and gene flow of broadcast-spawning (Acropora tenuis) and planula-brooding (Stylophora pistillata) corals

Nishikawa, Akira; Katoh, Masaya; Sakai, Kazuhiko

doi:10.3354/meps256087

Cited by 147 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the case of P. astreoides, indiscriminate early-life mortality in some, but not all, families could be explained by the unmasking of recessive deleterious alleles as a result of inbreeding. Inbreeding has been observed in other brooding coral species (Ayre and Hughes, 2000;Ayre and Miller, 2006) and likely results from short-range larval dispersal typical of many brooding species (Hellberg, 1996;Nishikawa et al, 2003;Underwood et al, 2007) generating highly related local populations. We estimated inbreeding for a subset of individual larvae from nine families spanning a range of different survival values.…”

Section: Population-level Variation In Temperature Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Heritable differences in fitness-related traits among populations of the mustard hill coral, Porites astreoides

2015

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A population's potential for rapid evolutionary adaptation can be estimated from the amount of genetic variation in fitnessrelated traits. Inshore populations of the mustard hill coral (Porites astreoides) have been shown to be more tolerant to thermal stress than offshore populations, but it is unclear whether this difference is due to long-term physiological acclimatization or genetic adaptation. Here, we evaluated variation in growth rate and survival among 38 families of juvenile recruits of P. astreoides spawned by colonies originating from inshore and offshore locations. Recruits were reared in a common garden for 5 weeks and then subjected to two thermal treatments (28 and 31°C) for 2.5 weeks. The most significant effects were detected during the first 5 weeks, before thermal stress was applied: 27-30% of variance in growth and 94% of variance in recruit survival was attributable to parental effects. Genotyping of eight microsatellite loci indicated that the high early mortality of some of the recruit families was not due to higher inbreeding. Post treatment, parental effects diminished such that only 10-15% of variance in growth rate was explained, which most likely reflects the dissipation of maternal effects. However, offshore-origin recruits still grew significantly less under elevated temperature compared with inshore-origin recruits. These differences observed in naive juvenile corals suggest that population-level variation in fitness in response to different thermal environments has a genetic basis and could represent raw material for natural selection in times of climate change.

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Section: Population-level Variation In Temperature Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Heritable differences in fitness-related traits among populations of the mustard hill coral, Porites astreoides

2015

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“…In theory this would lead to greater local genetic diversity than expected in a co-occurring species such as Chthamalus stellatus, which has the typical barnacle set of six free-swimming nauplius stages. There is evidence from other habitats that species with a short larval phase may indeed show more genetic diversity than those with a long larval phase, but it is not possible to generalize (Arndt and Smith 1998, and references therein;Luttikhuizen et al 2003;Nishikawa et al 2003) In apparent contrast with the barnacles, the common limpets (Patella) of the Atlantic islands appear to have diverged from those on the continental mainland, some becoming distinct species (Hawkins et al 2000;Weber and Hawkins 2005). The most abundant intertidal barnacle of Madeira and the Azores, Chthamalus stellatus, shows no genetic differences from the mainland populations (Hawkins et al 2000), and it has been suggested that either there is panmixia related to wide dispersion of larvae or else the species is a relative newcomer to the islands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cirripedia of Madeira

2006

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We give a list of Cirripedia from Madeira Island and nearby deep water, based on specimens in the collection of the Museu Municipal do Funchal (Histo´ria Natural) (MMF), records mentioned in the literature, and recent collections. Tesseropora atlantica Newman and Ross, 1976 is recorded from Madeira for the first time. The Megabalanus of Madeira is M. azoricus. There are 20 genera containing 27 species, of which 22 occur in depths less than 200 m. Of these shallow water species, eight are wide-ranging oceanic forms that attach to other organisms or to floating objects, leaving just 13 truly benthic shallow water barnacles. This low diversity is probably a consequence of the distance from the continental coasts and the small area of the available habitat. No endemic species have been found.

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“…Approximately three-quarters of all zooxanthellate corals reproduce via external fertilization (Veron 2000) and have the potential for relative longer-range dispersal than planulae brooders (Nishikawa et al 2003, but see also Richmond 1987). It is still not clear whether the reproductive strategy of these zooxanthellate corals involves self-recruitment (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some laboratory experiments have suggested that the settlement competency of Acropora larvae begins from the age of 3 d, peaks at 5 to 7 d, and is maintained over 30 d (Morse et al 1996, Nishikawa et al 2003, Harrison 2006, Nozawa & Harrison 2008). However, the exact peak settlement period of Acropora corals has not been determined; even the shape of the settlement peak (steep or gentle) is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several population genetics studies (Ayre & Hughes 2000, Nishikawa et al 2003, Baums et al 2005, Underwood et al 2009) have suggested that in many cases, gene flow between populations is limited in reef corals. For example, genetic subdivisions based on DNA microsatellite data in a spawner, Acropora tenuis, and a brooder, Seriatopora hystrix, between islands (>100 km), between reefs (>10 km) or between sites within reefs (<10 km) in western Australia, indicated that many reefs or reef patches are demographically independent (Underwood et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid in situ settlement following spawning by Acropora corals at Ishigaki, southern Japan

Suzuki¹,

Arakaki²,

Hayashibara³

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The principal role of larval recruitment in reef corals is still unknown: it could be for selfrecruitment or long-range dispersal. In this study, peak settlement period, which is ecologically (i.e. demographically) important, was estimated in the field by counting the number of settled corals every 3 d after a mass-spawning of Acropora corals. We found that ~90% of the total recruits settled within 8 d after spawning. The number of swimming larvae also peaked from the fifth to the seventh day after spawning and decreased rapidly on the ninth day. Although we could not determine whether the coral larvae remained around the natal reef or if larval supply from upstream regions concentrated in this study area, no multiple peaks were found in the settlement pattern of Acropora corals. This finding supports the hypothesis that even broadcast spawners adopt the strategy of selfrecruitment, at least in a single generation (i.e. settlement pattern was influenced by intrinsic controls such as larval behavior). Otherwise, this short, intensive settlement pattern could be a region-specific event because the result was obtained from only a single reef during a single study year (i.e. extrinsic controls such as hydrodynamics); in this case, these areas should be preferentially designated as 'protected' because such intensive settlement would be important to the resilience of Acropora corals.KEY WORDS: Larval dispersal · Self-recruitment · Mass spawning · Vertical dynamics · Settlement panel Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Larval settlement rates and gene flow of broadcast-spawning (Acropora tenuis) and planula-brooding (Stylophora pistillata) corals

Cited by 147 publications

References 19 publications

Heritable differences in fitness-related traits among populations of the mustard hill coral, Porites astreoides

Heritable differences in fitness-related traits among populations of the mustard hill coral, Porites astreoides

Cirripedia of Madeira

Rapid in situ settlement following spawning by Acropora corals at Ishigaki, southern Japan

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