Larval rearing of calico scallops, Argopecten gibbus, in a flow-through system

Abstract

A flow-through (FT) culture system is described for calico scallop, Argopecten gibbus, larvae. Its performance was assessed by larval survival rate, shell growth, settlement rate and post-larval shell growth for the duration of larval life (13 days). Comparisons were made with larvae reared in standard static system (S). Effect of increased larval density on FT performance was also investigated. With comparable larval densities, survival rate of Day 2 larvae to pediveliger stage was similar in both larval rearing systems. Shell growth for FT-reared larvae was comparable or significantly higher than in the static system (P < 0.01). Settlement rate of pediveligers was comparable for both systems, averaging 30.7%, and no significant difference was seen in shell growth of FT-and static-reared pediveligers. Increased initial larval density did not affect survival rate in FT, but did negatively affect larval shell growth, settlement rate and post-larval shell growth yielding lower growth and minimal settlement rate (10.9 -2.8%) compared to the static system. This FT system was successful as larval rearing system, optimising space allocation in the hatchery, reducing labour, and eliminating the use of antibiotics. Optimising initial larval density within the system needs to be investigated in association with food ration.

Impacts of rearing techniques on growth, survival and bacterial microbiota of carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) larvae

“…Recently, Miranda et al (2015) found that most of gram-negative bacteria associated with scallop hatcheries carried the floR gene. Sarkis et al (2006) showed that calico scallop growth for FT-reared larvae was comparable or significantly higher than in the static system, which corroborate with our findings. Similarly, Rico-Villa et al (2008) reported significant growth and competence improvements in Crassostria gigas larvae reared in the flow-through system compared to static system.…”

“…Several studies suggested an association between the stocking density and the water exchange rate (Magnesen et al 2006;Rico-Villa et al 2008). Furthermore, Andersen et al (2000) and Sarkis et al (2006) reported a reduction in growth performance at high stocking density when they reared scallop (Pecten maximus) and oyster (C. gigas) larvae in FTS.…”

“…The FTS is based on regular water exchange in order to reduce bacteria as well as toxic substances, which accumulate in the rearing water (New and Valenti 2000). This method has been successfully used in the nursery culture of oysters, scallops, clams, mussels and in numerous fish hatcheries (Andersen et al 2000;Ritar 2001;Tieman and Goodwin 2001;Otoshi et al 2003;Sarkis et al 2006;Rico-Villa et al 2008). Recirculating systems operate by water undergoing treatment, allowing to the hatcheries production system's waters to be partially reused (Rosenthal et al 1986).…”

Spat production of the great scallop (Pecten maximus): a roller coaster1This review is part of a virtual symposium on current topics in aquaculture of marine fish and shellfish.

“…Flow-through culture has later been tried for the Atlantic calico scallop (Argopecten gibbus (L., 1758)) (Sarkis et al 2006). Flow-through systems have been used for many years to culture several other marine larvae, such as Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus (L., 1758)) (Harboe et al 1994), American lobster (Homarus americanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837) (Serfling et al 1974), and Pacific pearl oyster (Pinctada margaritifera (L., 1758)) (Southgate and Ito 1998).…”

Hatchery-scale trials using cryopreserved spermatozoa of black-lip pearl oyster,Pinctada margaritifera

“…Twentyfour hours later, the incubator tank was drained onto a 35 µm sieve and D-shaped larvae were concentrated in a 5 L graduated cylinder. D-shaped larvae were counted (3 × 20 µl) and then reared in a through-flow culture system (Magnesen et al 2006;Rico-Villa et al 2008;Sarkis et al 2006) in 4 replicates. D-shaped larvae were fed using three tropical species of micro-algae: Isochrysis clone T-Iso, Chaetoceros minus and Chaetoceros gracilis.…”