Larval morphology of the lesser housefly, Fannia canicularis

Abstract

The morphology of all larval instars of Fannia canicularis (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Fanniidae) is documented using a combination of light and scanning electron microscopy. The following structures are documented for all instars: antennal complex; maxillary palpus; facial mask; cephaloskeleton; ventral organ; anterior spiracle; Keilin's organ; posterior spiracle; fleshy processes, and anal pad. Structures reported for the first time for all instars include: two pairs of lateral prominences on the prothoracic segment; additional ventrolateral prominences on the second thoracic segment, and a papilla at the base of the posterior spiracle. Other structures reported for the first time are anterior spiracles in the first instar and a serrated tip on the mouthhook in the second instar. A trichoid sensillum on the posterior spiracular plate, representing a sensory organ otherwise unknown in the Calyptratae, is described in the second and third instars. Results are discussed and compared with existing knowledge on dipteran larval morphology.

The immature stages of the necrophagous fly Liopiophila varipes and considerations on the genus Liopiophila (Diptera: Piophilidae)

“…L3 were clarified in hot 10% lactic acid, dissected and embedded in dimethyl hydantoin formaldehyde to study their different parts under a light microscope equipped with a camera lucida for drawings. Terminology follows Courtney et al (2000) and Grzywacz et al (2012). The studied material has been deposited in the collection of the Department of Life Sciences of the University of Alcalá.…”

“…12). In L1, anterior spiracles were not distinguishable under light microscope; however, a pair of simple and minute prothoracic spiracles has been observed in the L1 of a range of Diptera Cyclorrhapha families under scanning electron microscope (see Grzywacz et al 2012).…”

Third instar larva morphology of Hydrotaea cyrtoneurina (ZETTERSTEDT, 1845) (Diptera: Muscidae) – a species of forensic interest

“…Gravid females were attracted to decomposing chicken liver and were collected with an entomological net at sites in the forest area adjoining the edge of the airfield of the Pomeranian Aeroclub in Toruń (Poland) in July 2010 and June 2011. Laboratory breeding and killing of larvae was performed according to GRZYWACZ et al (2012b). Adults were subsequently killed with ethyl acetate vapour, pinned, labelled and identified according to GREGOR et al (2002).…”

Morphology of immature stages ofAtherigona reversura(Diptera: Muscidae), with notes on the recent invasion of North America

“…Despite the lack of the first instar for our current study, based on recently published studies on the first instar larvae of Calyptratae (Szpila and Pape 2007;Szpila et al 2008;Szpila 2010;Szpila and Villet 2011;Grzywacz et al 2012) it can be said that Raina (1981) and Shie et al (1981) did not recognize the parastomal bars located above the intermediate sclerite as well as a labrum in the first instar of A. soccata. In all three larval instars Raina (1981) has erroneously named the intermediate sclerite as a "pharyngeal sclerite", which has generally been considered a synonym of the basal sclerite (Courtney et al 2000).…”