“…Lopes & Oliveira-Silva (1998) showed, for example, that Bathygobius soporator predominantly consumed crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura in Itaparica Island. Besides the benthic habit, suitable for prey crustaceans on the substrate, in Maiandeua Island the high consumption of P. armatus is accompanied by the high abundance of these crustaceans in the tidal pools where the specimens were collected, especially when compared to colder regions of Brazil (Oliveira et al, 2013).…”
ABSTRACT. Bathygobius soporator (Valenciennes, 1837) is one of the most common fi shes in tide pools in the estuary of Pará state, and has an omnivorous feeding habit. This study examined the diet of the species in Maiandeua Island, and aimed to: (i) describe the diet of B. soporator through indexes based on the occurrence and weight of consumed items; and (ii) evaluate if there is variation in diet composition between males and females. Frequency of Occurrence, frequency of weight and Alimentary Index were calculated for each item, and diff erences in the diet composition of males and females were observed through multivariate analyses (ANOSIM, NMDS and SIMPER). Bathygobius soporator presented carnivorous feeding habit, eating mainly crustaceans, and diff erences among males and females were observed, males consuming smaller amounts of crustaceans and including algae in their diet.
KEYWORDS. Estuaries, diet, trophic guild.RESUMO. Diferença entre sexos na alimentação do peixe gobídeo Bathygobius soporator em poças de maré da Ilha de Maiandeua, Pará, Brasil. Bathygobius soporator (Valenciennes, 1837) é um dos peixes mais comuns em poças de maré no estuário paraense e apresenta hábito alimentar onívoro. Esse estudo examinou a dieta da espécie na Ilha de Maiandeua, com o objetivo de: (i) descrever a dieta de B. soporator através de índices baseados na ocorrência e biomassa dos itens alimentares; (ii) avaliar se há variação na composição da dieta entre machos e fêmeas. Calculou-se a frequência de ocorrência, frequência de peso e o Índice de Importância Alimentar, e utilizaram-se análises multivariadas (ANOSIM, NMDS e SIMPER) para avaliar a diferença na composição da dieta de machos e fêmeas. Bathygobius soporator apresentou hábito carnívoro, consumindo predominantemente crustáceos, e houve variação na dieta de machos e fêmeas, sendo que machos consumiram crustáceos em menor quantidade e incluíram algas em sua dieta.PALAVRAS-CHAVE. Estuário, dieta, guilda trófi ca.
“…Lopes & Oliveira-Silva (1998) showed, for example, that Bathygobius soporator predominantly consumed crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura in Itaparica Island. Besides the benthic habit, suitable for prey crustaceans on the substrate, in Maiandeua Island the high consumption of P. armatus is accompanied by the high abundance of these crustaceans in the tidal pools where the specimens were collected, especially when compared to colder regions of Brazil (Oliveira et al, 2013).…”
ABSTRACT. Bathygobius soporator (Valenciennes, 1837) is one of the most common fi shes in tide pools in the estuary of Pará state, and has an omnivorous feeding habit. This study examined the diet of the species in Maiandeua Island, and aimed to: (i) describe the diet of B. soporator through indexes based on the occurrence and weight of consumed items; and (ii) evaluate if there is variation in diet composition between males and females. Frequency of Occurrence, frequency of weight and Alimentary Index were calculated for each item, and diff erences in the diet composition of males and females were observed through multivariate analyses (ANOSIM, NMDS and SIMPER). Bathygobius soporator presented carnivorous feeding habit, eating mainly crustaceans, and diff erences among males and females were observed, males consuming smaller amounts of crustaceans and including algae in their diet.
KEYWORDS. Estuaries, diet, trophic guild.RESUMO. Diferença entre sexos na alimentação do peixe gobídeo Bathygobius soporator em poças de maré da Ilha de Maiandeua, Pará, Brasil. Bathygobius soporator (Valenciennes, 1837) é um dos peixes mais comuns em poças de maré no estuário paraense e apresenta hábito alimentar onívoro. Esse estudo examinou a dieta da espécie na Ilha de Maiandeua, com o objetivo de: (i) descrever a dieta de B. soporator através de índices baseados na ocorrência e biomassa dos itens alimentares; (ii) avaliar se há variação na composição da dieta entre machos e fêmeas. Calculou-se a frequência de ocorrência, frequência de peso e o Índice de Importância Alimentar, e utilizaram-se análises multivariadas (ANOSIM, NMDS e SIMPER) para avaliar a diferença na composição da dieta de machos e fêmeas. Bathygobius soporator apresentou hábito carnívoro, consumindo predominantemente crustáceos, e houve variação na dieta de machos e fêmeas, sendo que machos consumiram crustáceos em menor quantidade e incluíram algas em sua dieta.PALAVRAS-CHAVE. Estuário, dieta, guilda trófi ca.
“…Os fatores ambientais, no estuário do Caeté, mantiveram um padrão semelhante ao registrado em pesquisas anteriores na região costeira do nordeste paraense (Nevis et al, 2009;Magalhães et al, 2009;Pinto-Marques, 2009;Costa et al, 2011;Pinheiro et al, 2011;Oliveira et al, 2012;Oliveira et al, 2013), com temperatura praticamente constante ao longo do ano, e salinidade com grandes variações. A variação da salinidade ocorre em consequência da diminuição ou aumento da pluviosidade, determinando duas estações climáticas: seca e chuvosa.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…Em relação à distribuição vertical, na região Nordeste do Brasil verificou-se maior abundância de larvas dessa espécie nas camadas mais profundas da coluna d'água, onde a salinidade foi significativamente maior do que nas camadas superficiais (Melo Jr. et al, 2012). Resultados similares foram obtidos em uma região estuarina do nordeste paraense, onde foi registrada maior abundân-cia de larvas de porcelanídeos durante o período seco e correlação significativa positiva entre a densidade larval e a salinidade (Oliveira et al, 2013).…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…Também já foi analisada a densidade de larvas e adultos de P. armatus na região estuarina de Marapanim, Pará (Oliveira et al, 2013).…”
The life cycle of these species includes only two zoeal stages, which are distinctive by their very elongate rostral and posterolateral carapace spines, and are commonly found in estuarine meroplanktonic samples. The present study provides information about the abundance of porcellanid larvae at an estuarine system in the Amazon coastal zone, aiming to understand their distribution in relation to some physicochemical variables: seasonal, diel, tidal and lunar cycles, temperature and salinity. Samples were collected monthly from April 2000 to April 2001 with a plankton conical net with 300μm of mesh size, by horizontal hauls, in the Caeté River estuary, Pará, Brazil. Only zoeal stages of porcellanid larvae were found. In general, their abundance was greater in dry season (8.08±11.43 larvae.m -3 ) in relation to rainy season (0.99±3.13 larvae.m -3 ), and flood tide (7.52±11.40 larvae.m -3 ) in relation to ebb tide (1.11±2.14 larvae.m -3 ). Greater densities were also registered at higher degrees of salinity. The other variables, moon phases, diel cycle and temperature, had not a significant influence on porcellanid larval abundance in the Caeté River estuary.
“…Petrolisthes armatus reproduces throughout the year both in eastern Pacific 12, 32 and western Atlantic 33, 34 . Females of Pacific P. armatus release larvae synchronously near the times of nocturnal high tides 35 , probably as result of predation pressure by visual predators 36 .…”
Theoretically, species with high population structure are likely to expand their range, because marginal populations are free to adapt to local conditions; however, meta-analyses have found a negative relation between structure and invasiveness. The crab Petrolisthes armatus has a wide native range, which has expanded in the last three decades. We sequenced 1718 bp of mitochondrial DNA from native and recently established populations to determine the population structure of the former and the origin of the latter. There was phylogenetic separation between Atlantic and eastern Pacific populations, and between east and west Atlantic ones. Haplotypes on the coast of Florida and newly established populations in Georgia and South Carolina belong to a different clade from those from Yucatán to Brazil, though a few haplotypes are shared. In the Pacific, populations from Colombia and Ecuador are highly divergent from those from Panamá and the Sea of Cortez. In general, populations were separated hundreds to million years ago with little subsequent gene flow. High genetic diversity in the newly established populations shows that they were founded by many individuals. Range expansion appears to have been limited by low dispersal rather than lack of ability of marginal populations to adapt to extreme conditions.
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