Large tectonic and lithospheric structures of the Red Sea region

Bayer, Hans; El-Isa, Z. H.; Hötzl, H.; Mechie, J.; Prodehl, C.; Saffarini, Ghazi

doi:10.1016/s0899-5362(89)80045-4

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“… Map showing distribution of volcanic rocks relating the two‐stage plume activity. Distribution for syn‐rifting and pre‐rifting volcanism is based on Bayer et al (1989). The center of the two circles (radii approximately 765 km and 1940 km as dispersion rate of the Afar plume is 5.1 cm/yr (Orihashi et al 1998b)) is the same position as proposed by Schilling (1973); Lake Abhe (11°15′N, 41°25′E).…”

Section: Afar Mantle Plume Dispersion Modelmentioning

confidence: 85%

Primordial helium isotope signature from Plio–Quaternary alkaline basalts in Yemen

et al. 2001

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Isotopic compositions of He, Ne and Ar were measured on Plio-Quaternary alkaline basalts of Marib-Sirwah and Shuqra volcanic fields in Yemen, south-western Arabian Peninsula. Very high 3 He/ 4 He isotope ratios were found in olivine phenocrysts of some Quaternary alkaline basalts in both volcanic fields, located on the margin of the dispersed Afar mantle plume, compared with the Afar-Ethiopian province in the center of the mantle plume. This suggests that the Afar mantle plume source may consist of common component (C or focal zone (FOZO)) with variable primordial 3 He/ 4 He ratio rather than high m mantle (HIMU) component. The three component mixing C as the Afar mantle plume, depleted mantle (DM) as upper mantle and lithospheric mantle with a hybrid enriched mantle I-II (EM I-EM II) characteristics may be adequate to explain He-Sr-Nd-Pb isotope variation for the Afar-Arabian Cenozoic volcanics. The occurrence of high 3 He/ 4 He ratios in the Marib-Sirwah volcanic field appears to show that the primitive basaltic magma, derived from the margin of the dispersed trous-like Afar mantle plume during 15-0 Ma, was not by contamination of lithospheric and upper mantle materials in comparison with that from the center of the Afar mantle plume as a result of relatively low thermal anomaly.

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Section: Afar Mantle Plume Dispersion Modelmentioning

confidence: 85%

Primordial helium isotope signature from Plio–Quaternary alkaline basalts in Yemen

et al. 2001

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“…This Early Miocene rifting event occurred within the same kinematic framework as that of the Late Oligocene rifting in the Gulf of Aden, in which rifting accommodated anticlockwise rotation of the Arabian plate away from the African continent. During the Middle Miocene, simple anticlockwise movement ceased upon initiation of left lateral movement along the AqabaLevant Fault System running through the Gulf of Suez and the Dead Sea (Bayer et al 1989;Makris & Henke 1992). Anticlockwise movement was superseded by wholescale north-northeastwards translation of the Arabian plate away from Africa, accommodated in the Red Sea by the onset of a second phase of rifting, beginning according to Makris & Henke (1992) at 14 Ma.…”

Section: Tertiary Polyphase Rifting (Shihr Group)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A tectono-stratigraphic framework for Yemen and its implications for hydrocarbon potential

Ellis

Kerr²,

Cornwell³

et al. 1996

108

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The Late Jurassic Marib Al Jawf Basin is part of a rift system extending southeastwards into the less well k n o w n Wadi Hajar Basin. This rift system may be one arm of a Late Jurassic failed triple rift which also included the Masilah Basin to the east, and the Sir Basin to the north. Late Jurassic rifting is shown to be diachronous, younging eastwards. Renewed rifting during the Early to Mid Cretaceous was accompanied by deposition of the newly recognized Furt Formation. This second rift phase initiated movement on the N -S striking 47°E Fault, w h i c h probably extends southwards into Somalia. Extension in the J e z aHowarime Rift System may also have c o m m e n c e d at this time. Oman Mountain orogenesis led to r e n e w e d subsidence in the east, and was followed by polyphase Tertiary rifting, inversion and localized gravity-driven extension on the continental margins. As a result of these events, a number of distinct petroleum systems developed.

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“…Convergence between the Arabian and Eurasian plates transformed into collision and slowed down during the mid-Miocene (14-12 Ma). This short recess resulted in tectonic quiescence in Suez (Bayer et al, 1989), the southern equivalent of the Galilee basins. In between the two rift systems, the Negev ceased to subside (Zilberman and Calvo, 2013;location-Fig .…”

Section: Structural Transitions Along the Plate Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural expression of a fading rift front, a case study from the Oligo-Miocene Irbid rift of northwest Arabia

Wald¹,

Segev²,

Ben‐Avraham³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Not all continental rifts mature to form a young ocean. The mechanism and duration of their cessation depend on the crustal structure, modifications in plate kinematics, lithospheric thermal response, or intensity of sub-crustal flow (e.g., plume activity). The cessation is recorded in the structure and stratigraphy of the basins that develop during the rifting process. This architecture is lost due to younger tectonic inversion, severe erosion or even burial into greater depths that forces their detection by low-resolution geophysical imaging. The current study focuses on a uniquely preserved Oligo-Miocene rift that was subsequently pirated by a crossing transform fault system and as a result died out. We integrate all geological, geophysical and results from previous studies from across the Southern Galilee to unravel the structural development of the Irbid failing rift, of Northwest Arabia. Despite tectonic, magmatic and geomorphologic activity postdating the rifting, its subsurface structure is preserved at depths of up to 1 km. Our results show that a series of basins subsided at the rift front, across the southern Galilee. We constrain the timing and extent of their subsidence into two main stages, based on facies analysis and chronology of magmatism. Between 20–9 Ma grabens and half-grabens subsided within a larger releasing jog, following an NW direction of a deeper presumed Principal Displacement Zone. The basins continued to subside until a transition from the Red Sea to Dead Sea stress regime occurred. With the transition, the basins ceased to subside as a rift, while the Dead Sea Fault split the jog structure. Between 9–5 Ma basin subsidence accentuated and an uplift of their margins accompanied their overall elongation to the NNE. Our study provides for the first time a structural as well as tectonic context to the southern Galilee basins. Based on this case study we suggest that the rift did not fail but rather faded and was taken over by a more dominant stress regime. Otherwise, these basins of a failing rift could have simply died out peacefully.

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Large tectonic and lithospheric structures of the Red Sea region

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Primordial helium isotope signature from Plio–Quaternary alkaline basalts in Yemen

Primordial helium isotope signature from Plio–Quaternary alkaline basalts in Yemen

A tectono-stratigraphic framework for Yemen and its implications for hydrocarbon potential

Structural expression of a fading rift front, a case study from the Oligo-Miocene Irbid rift of northwest Arabia

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