Large-Signal Modulation Performance of Light-Emitting Diodes With Photonic Crystals for Visible Light Communication

Lin, Tung-Ching; Chen, Yung-Tsan; Yin, Yu-Feng; You, Zi-Xuan; Kao, Hsuan-Yun; Huang, Chien-Kang; Lin, Yuhong; Tsai, Cheng-Ting; Lin, Gong‐Ru; Huang, JianJang

doi:10.1109/ted.2018.2864346

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Additionally, the in-plane wave vector expresses as follows [46] kL = k0 nGaN sinθp (2) where kN and kL are the wave vectors normal to device and in-plane, respectively, the index p labels each mode, k0 = 2π/λ0 is the wave vector in vacuum and λ0 is the emission wavelength in vacuum and θp is the angle of propagation for the guided mode. The spatial modulation of the InGaN/GaN LED with PC-structured p-GaN nanorods can be represented by reciprocal vector G in reciprocal space and it couples the guided mode to the Bloch mode as a leaky mode out of the PC-structured p-GaN nanorods with satisfying the following diffraction condition [47] |k`L| = |kL-mG0| < k0…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Ti/Pt/Au alloy was used as the ohmic electrode on the ITO and n-GaN contact regions, and the wafer was then alloyed in an N2 atmosphere for 5 min at 450 °C. The size of the emission window for the InGaN/GaN LEDs with the PC-structured p-GaN nanorods covered ITO was 300 × 300 μm 2 . The schematic InGaN/GaN LED with the window layer of ITO/PC-structured p-GaN nanorods is displayed in Figure 1c.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a wide and direct bandgap, expected to emit light in visible range by adjusting the composition of indium (In), have attracted much attention and been extensively studied in various applications such as solid-state lighting, visible and underwater communication system, and full-color display [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. High external quantum efficiency (EQE), depending on the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and light extraction efficiency (LEE), is a substantial requirement for GaN-based LEDs in these applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Photonic-Crystal-Structured p-GaN Nanorods Fabricated by Polystyrene Nanosphere Lithography Method to Improve the Light Extraction Efficiency of InGaN/GaN Green Light-Emitting Diodes

2021

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We fabricated the photonic-crystal-structured p-GaN (PC-structured p-GaN) nanorods using the modified polystyrene nanosphere (PS NS) lithography method for InGaN/GaN green light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to enhance the light extraction efficiency (LEE). A modified PS NS lithography method including two-times spin-coating processes and the post-spin-coating heating treatment was used to obtain a self-assembly close-packed PS NS array of monolayer as a mask and then a partially dry etching process was applied to PS NS, SiO2, and p-GaN to form PC-structured p-GaN nanorods on the InGaN/GaN green LEDs. The light output intensity and LEE of InGaN/GaN green LEDs with the PC-structured p-GaN nanorods depend on the period, diameter, and height of PC-structured p-GaN nanorods. RSoft FullWAVE software based on the three-dimension finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm was used to calculate the LEE of InGaN/GaN green LEDs with PC-structured p-GaN nanorods of the varied period, diameter, and height. The optimal period, diameter, and height of PC-structured p-GaN nanorods are 150, 350, and 110 nm. The InGaN/GaN green LEDs with optimal PC-structured p-GaN nanorods exhibit an enhancement of 41% of emission intensity under the driving current of 20 mA as compared to conventional LED.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Photonic-Crystal-Structured p-GaN Nanorods Fabricated by Polystyrene Nanosphere Lithography Method to Improve the Light Extraction Efficiency of InGaN/GaN Green Light-Emitting Diodes

2021

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“…[ 25 ] He also reported that PhC‐LEDs may not perform well at low data rates due to their relatively lower SNR, but they exceed conventional LED structures, especially at higher data rates. [ 26 ] The bandwidth improvement of PhC‐LEDs is primarily attributed to two factors. First, by specifically designing the PhC to match the emission band diagram, it makes it possible to achieve a faster photon decline rate, higher photonic modal extraction, and shorter radiative recombination lifetime.…”

Section: Approaches For Improving Led Modulation Bandwidthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Modulation Bandwidth of GaN‐Based Light‐Emitting Diodes for High‐Speed Visible Light Communication: Countermeasures and Challenges

Wan

Wang

Huang

et al. 2021

Advanced Photonics Research

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Visible light communication (VLC) has attracted widespread attention for wireless communications. The popularity of GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has also laid a solid foundation for the application of VLC. As the light source of VLC, LED's modulation bandwidth directly determines the speed of communication. Herein, reviewing progress on modulation bandwidth improvement schemes of GaN LEDs transmitter is reviewed, covering aspects from epitaxial to devices. Epitaxial approaches include c-polar facet epitaxial optimization, non/semipolar facet epitaxial growth, and chip scheme such as micro-LEDs, nano-LEDs, resonant cavity-LEDs (RC-LEDs), plasmon, and metacavity LEDs. In terms of white LEDs, approaches to tackle the slow Stokes transfer and long carrier life for conventional phosphors including new color-conversion materials (CCMs) and new energy transfer routes are reviewed. This review promotes the development of GaN-based LEDs as the transmitter for high-speed VLC.

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“…The motivation behind the interest in VLC is twofold: 1) The advantages that VLC offers when compared to RF, including the large available frequency spectrum [11], high speed and robustness against interference [12], and 2) the availability of low cost light emitting diodes (LEDs) [13]. LEDs exhibit a high electrical-to-optical conversion efficiency, long life span, low cost and high operational speed [14]- [17]. While VLC technologies bring efficient solutions to many real-life problems, they are not intended to replace RF technologies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Layer Security for Visible Light Communication Systems: A Survey

Arfaoui

Soltani

Tavakkolnia

et al. 2020

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

155

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Due to the dramatic increase in high data rate services and in order to meet the demands of the fifth-generation (5G) networks, researchers from both academia and industry are exploring advanced transmission techniques, new network architectures and new frequency spectrum such as the visible light and the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectra. Visible light communication (VLC) particularly is an emerging technology that has been introduced as a promising solution for 5G and beyond, owing to the large unexploited spectrum, which translates to significantly high data rates. Although VLC systems are more immune against interference and less susceptible to security vulnerabilities since light does not penetrate through walls, security issues arise naturally in VLC channels due to their open and broadcasting nature, compared to fiber-optic systems. In addition, since VLC is considered to be an enabling technology for 5G, and security is one of the 5G fundamental requirements, security issues should be carefully addressed and resolved in the VLC context. On the other hand, due to the success of physical layer security (PLS) in improving the security of radio-frequency (RF) wireless networks, extending such PLS techniques to VLC systems has been of great interest. Only two survey papers on security in VLC have been published in the literature. However, a comparative and unified survey on PLS for VLC from information theoretic and signal processing point of views is still missing. This paper covers almost all aspects of PLS for VLC, including different channel models, input distributions, network configurations, precoding/signaling strategies, and secrecy capacity and information rates. Furthermore, we propose a number of timely and open research directions for PLS-VLC systems, including the application of measurement-based indoor and outdoor channel models, incorporating user mobility and device orientation into the channel model, and combining VLC and RF systems to realize the potential of such technologies.

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Large-Signal Modulation Performance of Light-Emitting Diodes With Photonic Crystals for Visible Light Communication

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Investigation of Photonic-Crystal-Structured p-GaN Nanorods Fabricated by Polystyrene Nanosphere Lithography Method to Improve the Light Extraction Efficiency of InGaN/GaN Green Light-Emitting Diodes

Investigation of Photonic-Crystal-Structured p-GaN Nanorods Fabricated by Polystyrene Nanosphere Lithography Method to Improve the Light Extraction Efficiency of InGaN/GaN Green Light-Emitting Diodes

Improving the Modulation Bandwidth of GaN‐Based Light‐Emitting Diodes for High‐Speed Visible Light Communication: Countermeasures and Challenges

Physical Layer Security for Visible Light Communication Systems: A Survey

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