Large-scale water desalination methods: a review and new perspectives

Likhachev, Dmitriy S.; Li, Feng‐Chen

doi:10.1080/19443994.2012.750792

Cited by 58 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Therefore, the process with higher heat transfer rate is required for further improvement of the thermal desalination method. We have surveyed the literature [1] on the subject and found that the process of supercavitation meets our requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…We also would like to present the following relevant information revealed during the literature survey [1] that have been confirmed studying the supercavitating cone evaporator. The supercavitation is caused by flow inertia and, during the high rate of steam extraction, the steam pressure inside the supercavity may be much lower than equilibrium pressure, thus increasing the rate of steam generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical study of the characteristics of supercavitation on a cone in a stationary evaporator

Likhachev

2013

Desalination and Water Treatment

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A B S T R A C TComputation results of the supercavitation on a cone in a bounded axial cold water (20˚C) flow, obtained by ANSYS13 CFX and FLUENT, are found to correlate with experimental data. CFX solution has captured considerable backflow, and temperature gradient of 7˚C between free water stream and steam inside the supercavity, with the average water vapor temperature of supercavity volume equal to 17.8˚C, while FLUENT has revealed negligible temperature gradient, and the position of backflow vortex is different. Although we have used the same setup and appropriate meshes for both solvers, due to different cavitation models: mixture Rayleigh-Plesset and Schnerr-Sauer, for CFX and FLUENT, respectively, we have found wide discrepancy in the resulted thermal, mass, and velocity flow fields. Understanding thermal, mass, and velocity fields of the supercavitating flow is important for the development of an industrial application of supercavitation for the design of the evaporators, open-type heat exchangers, coolers, deaerators, mixers, and chemical reactors. The CFX solver have been used for revealing the multiply factor response of the supercavitating flow on the temperature of source water, its inlet velocity, rate of steam extraction from the supercavity, and the degree of flow obstruction by the cavitator. This analysis goes beyond the presently referred experimental results, and the influences of the each factor on the supercavitating flow dynamics have been formulated in respect of the steam volume fraction, steam motion and effective temperature influence on the interphase heat mass transfer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical study of the characteristics of supercavitation on a cone in a stationary evaporator

Likhachev

2013

Desalination and Water Treatment

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“…Figure 8 shows the heat analysis in the water distillation system under steady state operation. It can be seen that the percentage of the beneficial heat, which is used for the water production, was about 91% based on equation (2) and equation (8), while the percentage of the heat losses to the surroundings was about 9% based on equation (9). The coefficient of performance of the system was 0.3 based on equation (11) under one-hour thermoelectric system operation.…”

Section: Thermal Behaviour Of the System Componentsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Generating drinkable water from salt water (desalination) is one of the most important approaches to solve this issue without any serious impact on the environment [4][5][6][7]. Desalination can be achieved using two methods which are reverse osmosis technology and thermal distillation through evaporation and condensation processes [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Thermal Analysis of Using Peltier Module for Desalination Process

Al‐Madhhachi¹

2018

Adv. sci. technol. eng. syst. j.

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The key objective of this study is to analyse the heat transfer processes involved in the evaporation and condensation of water in a water distillation system employing a thermoelectric module. This analysis can help to increase the water production and to enhance the system performance. For the analysis, a water distillation unit prototype integrated with a thermoelectric module was designed and fabricated. A theoretical model is developed to study the effect of the heat added, transferred and removed, in forced convection and laminar flow, during the evaporation and condensation processes. The thermoelectric module is used to convert electricity into heat under Peltier effect and control precisely the absorbed and released heat at the cold and hot sides of the module, respectively. Temperatures of water, vapour, condenser, cold and hot sides of the thermoelectric module and water production have been measured experimentally under steady state operation. The theoretical and experimental water production were found to be in agreement. The amount of heat that needs to be evaporated from water-vapour interface and transferred through the condenser surface to the thermoelectric module is crucial for the design and optimization of distillation systems.

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“…Most commonly used conventional large-scale desalination technologies include the membranebased reverse osmosis and thermal-based multi-stage flash [11]. Presently, reverse osmosis has the largest installed capacity worldwide [12], and is the most energy-efficient (but not necessarily the most cost-efficient) desalination technology in market [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure effect on an ocean-based humidification-dehumidification desalination process

Yang

2019

Desalination

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A new humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination process is proposed and analyzed. Being ocean based, the process does not produce any brine. It is largely powered jointly by solar energy, wind energy, and various types of ocean energies in a nearly natural way. A vacuum pump is employed to drive the air circulation throughout the HDH process. It is the only unit that consumes electricity. The HDH process is analyzed under various conditions, including using a low pressure (as low as to 0.2 atm) for humidification and the ambient pressure for dehumidification, running the entire HDH process around a low pressure (as low as to 0.2 atm), and running it around the ambient pressure. The results from case studies show that applying different pressure levels to humidification and dehumidification would lead to a prohibitively high electric energy consumption of the vacuum pump. Being the most favorable operating condition, running the HDH process around the ambient pressure yields a freshwater production rate at the level of 4 to 11 /h per HDH line, depending on the pipe sizing and weather conditions. The associated minimum electric energy consumption of the vacuum pump is at the level of 0.9 to 1.6 kWh/m 3-water.

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Large-scale water desalination methods: a review and new perspectives

Cited by 58 publications

References 90 publications

Numerical study of the characteristics of supercavitation on a cone in a stationary evaporator

Numerical study of the characteristics of supercavitation on a cone in a stationary evaporator

Effective Thermal Analysis of Using Peltier Module for Desalination Process

Pressure effect on an ocean-based humidification-dehumidification desalination process

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