Large-scale turbulent flow around a cylinder in counterflow superfluid4He (He (II))

Zhang, Tao; Sciver, S.W. Van

doi:10.1038/nphys114

Cited by 123 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The first is the direct visualization of vortices. Recently, remarkable progress has been made in visualizing superflow and quantized vortices, 55,56) as described in §6. …”

Section: The Kelvin-wave Cascadementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Turbulence

Tsubota

2008

J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.

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The present article reviews the recent developments in the physics of quantum turbulence. Quantum turbulence (QT) was discovered in superfluid 4 He in the 1950s, and the research has tended toward a new direction since the mid 90s. The similarities and differences between quantum and classical turbulence have become an important area of research. QT is comprised of quantized vortices that are definite topological defects, being expected to yield a model of turbulence that is much simpler than the classical model. The general introduction of the issue and a brief review on classical turbulence are followed by a description of the dynamics of quantized vortices. Then, we discuss the energy spectrum of QT at very low temperatures. At low wavenumbers, the energy is transferred through the Richardson cascade of quantized vortices, and the spectrum obeys the Kolmogorov law, which is the most important statistical law in turbulence; this classical region shows the similarity to conventional turbulence. At higher wavenumbers, the energy is transferred by the Kelvin-wave cascade on each vortex. This quantum regime depends strongly on the nature of each quantized vortex. The possible dissipation mechanism is discussed. Finally, important new experimental studies, which include investigations into temperaturedependent transition to QT, dissipation at very low temperatures, QT created by vibrating structures, and visualization of QT, are reviewed. The present article concludes with a brief look at QT in atomic BoseEinstein condensates.

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“…The first is the direct visualization of vortices. Recently, remarkable progress has been made in visualizing superflow and quantized vortices, 55,56) as described in §6. …”

Section: The Kelvin-wave Cascadementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Turbulence

Tsubota

2008

J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.

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“…A significant contribution was made by Zhang and Van Sciver [68]. Using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique with 1.7-µm-diameter polymer particles, they visualized a largescale turbulent flow both in front of and behind a cylinder in counterflowing superfluid 4 He at finite temperatures.…”

Section: Visualization Of Quantum Turbulencementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum turbulence—from superfluid helium to atomic Bose–Einstein condensates

Tsubota

2009

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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This article reviews recent developments in quantum fluid dynamics and quantum turbulence (QT) for superfluid helium and atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. Quantum turbulence was discovered in superfluid 4 He in the 1950s, but the field moved in a new direction starting around the mid 1990s. Quantum turbulence is comprised of quantized vortices that are definite topological defects arising from the order parameter appearing in Bose-Einstein condensation. Hence QT is expected to yield a simpler model of turbulence than does conventional turbulence. A general introduction to this issue and a brief review of the basic concepts are followed by a description of vortex lattice formation in a rotating atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, typical of quantum fluid dynamics. Then we discuss recent developments in QT of superfluid helium such as the energy spectra and dissipative mechanisms at low temperatures, QT created by vibrating structures, and the visualization of QT. As an application of these ideas, we end with a discussion of QT in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates.

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“…Polymer micro-spheres and hydrogen isotopes have been used for particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements [1][2][3][4][5] and solid hydrogen tracers have been used to visualize the structure and dynamics of quantized vortices. [6][7][8][9] However, the dynamics of tracers in superfluid flows are more complicated than in viscous fluids since the particles can interact with the quantized vortices 10) in addition to the normal fluid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization of Superfluid Helium Flow

et al. 2008

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We discuss an experimental technique to visualize motion in the bulk of superfluid 4 He by tracking micron-sized solid hydrogen tracers. The behavior of the tracers is complex since they may be trapped by the quantized vortices while also interacting with the normal fluid via Stokes drag. We discuss the mechanism by which tracers may be trapped by quantized vortices as well as the dependencies on hydrogen volume fraction, temperature, and flow properties. We apply this technique to study the dynamics of a thermal counterflow. Our observations serve as a direct confirmation of the two-fluid model as well as a quantitative test of the normal fluid velocity dependence on the applied heat flux.

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Large-scale turbulent flow around a cylinder in counterflow superfluid4He (He (II))

Cited by 123 publications

References 22 publications

Quantum Turbulence

Quantum Turbulence

Quantum turbulence—from superfluid helium to atomic Bose–Einstein condensates

Visualization of Superfluid Helium Flow

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