Large Scale Trials of Waste Mine Burden Backfilling in Pit Lakes: Impact on Sulphate Content and Suspended Solids in Water

Abstract

The paper describes the results obtained from a large-scale trial designed to assess the impact of the backfilling of waste mine burden in an exhausted pit on the quality of lake water. The trial aimed at understanding the interaction between groundwater and clay and silty sand soils composing the overburden material. The two main environmental concerns related to the turbidity of the water and the concentration of sulphate ions. Tests were designed to (I) assess the interaction between soil and water; (II) measure the turbidity of water, related to the amount of solid particles in suspension; (III) observe the sedimentation of fine particles; (IV) measure the concentration of sulphate ions during backfilling and water pumping operations; and (V) validate an analytical model for the prediction of sulphate quantity in water. The main results indicated that the basin was capable to retain particles with sizes in the order of diameters that were nearly 10 microns. The water pumping was responsible for a relevant motion of fine particles (diameter less than 2 μm); this effect impacted on the turbidity level observed at the outflow in a relevant way. On the other hand, the test indicated that the estimation of the release of sulphate ions in the water was heavily affected by a proper assumption of the average background values of the concentration of sulphate ions in the water before the dumping activity.

Circular Mining Wastes Management for Sustainable Production of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze

“…The hydroseeding of Leguminosae, Poaceae, and Cyperaceae is effectively used on the landscapes to reclaim sites and reduce soil erosion in the post-mining period [20]. The increase in the related environmental problems [21][22][23] actualizes not only the need to develop a green mining strategy [24], green technologies for mineral enrichment [25], involving other sustainable technologies [26] but also a transition to a sustainable use of mineral resources based on circular economy models [27][28][29]. A circular economy implies the closure of resource flows without forming associated wastes [30][31][32].…”